TABLE 5.
Multivariable adjusted a hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) estimates for CSS in patients with CRC adenocarcinoma by stage at diagnosis, 2000–2019.
| Early stage b | Regional stage | Distant stage | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Race/ethnicity | Deaths | HR (95% CI) | p value | Deaths | HR (95% CI) | p value | Deaths | HR (95% CI) | p value |
| White | 10,481 | 1.00 (Ref.) | 23,228 | 1.00 (Ref.) | 32,515 | 1.00 (Ref.) | |||
| Black | 2235 | 1.38 (1.31–1.44) | <0.001 | 4613 | 1.22 (1.18–1.26) | <0.001 | 7447 | 1.07 (1.04–1.10) | <0.001 |
| Hispanic | 1554 | 1.15 (1.09–1.21) | <0.001 | 3721 | 1.05 (1.02–1.09) | 0.002 | 5250 | 0.93 (0.90–0.95) | <0.001 |
| American Indian | 129 | 1.47 (1.24–1.75) | <0.001 | 248 | 1.07 (0.94–1.21) | 0.294 | 397 | 1.05 (0.95–1.16) | 0.316 |
| API | 944 | 0.94 (0.88–1.00) | 0.068 | 2610 | 0.95 (0.91–0.99) | 0.022 | 3626 | 0.97 (0.94–1.01 | 0.116 |
| East Asian | 428 | 0.89 (0.81–0.98) | 0.018 | 1204 | 0.90 (0.85–0.96) | <0.001 | 1625 | 1.02 (0.97–1.07) | 0.473 |
| Southeast Asian | 328 | 1.05 (0.94–1.17) | 0.386 | 934 | 1.06 (1.00–1.14) | 0.063 | 1265 | 0.95 (0.90–1.00) | 0.071 |
| South Asian | 44 | 0.88 (0.66–1.19) | 0.404 | 115 | 0.81 (0.67–0.97) | 0.025 | 173 | 0.78 (0.67–0.91) | 0.001 |
| Pacific Islander | 81 | 1.39 (1.12–1.74) | 0.003 | 220 | 1.45 (1.27–1.66) | <0.001 | 301 | 0.96 (0.86–1.08) | 0.528 |
| Sex | |||||||||
| Female | 5821 | 1.00 (Ref.) | 14,458 | 1.00 (Ref.) | 20,966 | 1.00 (Ref.) | |||
| Male | 9530 | 1.28 (1.24–1.33) | <0.001 | 19,981 | 1.16 (1.13–1.19) | <0.001 | 28,306 | 1.05 (1.04–1.07) | <0.001 |
| Age at diagnosis | |||||||||
| 50–54 | 1666 | 1.00 (Ref.) | 4683 | 1.00 (Ref.) | 7845 | 1.00 (Ref.) | |||
| 55–59 | 2253 | 1.22 (1.15–1.30) | <0.001 | 5779 | 1.09 (1.04–1.13) | <0.001 | 9745 | 1.04 (1.01–1.08) | 0.005 |
| 60–64 | 2850 | 1.37 (1.29–1.46) | <0.001 | 6923 | 1.19 (1.14–1.23) | <0.001 | 10,820 | 1.10 (1.07–1.14) | <0.001 |
| 65–69 | 3854 | 1.63 (1.54–1.73) | <0.001 | 8083 | 1.27 (1.22–1.31) | <0.001 | 10,662 | 1.15 (1.11–1.18) | <0.001 |
| 70–74 | 4728 | 2.11 (1.99–2.23) | <0.001 | 8971 | 1.47 (1.42–1.53) | <0.001 | 10,200 | 1.29 (1.25–1.33) | <0.001 |
| Marital status | |||||||||
| Married | 8624 | 1.00 (Ref.) | 19,349 | 1.00 (Ref.) | 26,912 | 1.00 (Ref.) | |||
| Divorced/separated | 1885 | 1.36 (1.30–1.43) | <0.001 | 4553 | 1.28 (1.24–1.33) | <0.001 | 6862 | 1.13 (1.10–1.16) | <0.001 |
| Single | 2282 | 1.42 (1.35–1.48) | <0.001 | 5664 | 1.37 (1329–1.41) | <0.001 | 8988 | 1.18 (1.16–1.21) | <0.001 |
| Unmarried/domestic partner | 14 | 1.29 (0.76–2.18) | 0.344 | 44 | 1.42 (1.05–1.90) | 0.021 | 87 | 1.14 (0.92–1.41) | 0.223 |
| Widowed | 1554 | 1.36 (1.28–1.44) | <0.001 | 3468 | 1.29 (1.24–1.34) | <0.001 | 4366 | 1.16 (1.13–1.20) | <0.001 |
| Unknown | 992 | 0.92 (0.86–0.99) | 0.016 | 1361 | 1.15 (1.09–1.21) | <0.001 | 2057 | 1.04 (0.99–1.08) | 0.101 |
| Median income | |||||||||
| ≥$75,000 | 3875 | 1.00 (Ref.) | 9489 | 1.00 (Ref.) | 14,061 | 1.00 (Ref.) | |||
| $65,000–$74,999 | 3241 | 1.13 (1.08–1.19) | <0.001 | 7596 | 1.10 (1.06–1.13) | <0.001 | 10,899 | 1.08 (1.05–1.11) | <0.001 |
| $55,000–$64,999 | 3935 | 1.22 (1.17–1.28) | <0.001 | 8760 | 1.15 (1.11–1.18) | <0.001 | 11,932 | 1.10 (1.07–1.12) | <0.001 |
| <$55,000 | 4298 | 1.46 (1.39–1.52) | <0.001 | 8593 | 1.22 (1.18–1.25) | <0.001 | 12,377 | 1.14 (1.11–1.17) | <0.001 |
| Unknown | 2 | 0.65 (0.16–2.59) | 0.586 | 1 | 0.70 (0.10–4.95) | 0.720 | 3 | 0.94 (0.30–2.92) | 0.921 |
| Subsite | |||||||||
| Distal colon | 3984 | 1.00 (Ref.) | 7980 | 1.00 (Ref.) | 13,067 | 1.00 (Ref.) | |||
| Proximal colon | 4907 | 1.05 (1.01–1.10) | 0.021 | 14,045 | 1.11 (1.08–1.14) | <0.001 | 18,967 | 1.32 (1.29–1.35) | <0.001 |
| Rectum | 6257 | 1.57 (1.50–1.63) | <0.001 | 11,813 | 1.19 (1.15–1.22) | <0.001 | 14,271 | 0.88 (0.86–0.90) | <0.001 |
| Colon, NOS | 203 | 1.07 (0.93–1.23) | 0.348 | 601 | 1.49 (1.37–1.62) | <0.001 | 2967 | 1.31 (1.26–1.37) | <0.001 |
| Surgery | |||||||||
| Yes | 13,285 | 1.00 (Ref.) | 32,365 | 1.00 (Ref.) | 28,845 | 1.00 (Ref.) | |||
| No/unknown | 2066 | 4.22 (4.03–4.43) | <0.001 | 2074 | 3.24 (3.09–3.39) | <0.001 | 20,427 | 2.33 (2.29–2.38) | <0.001 |
| Diagnosis year | |||||||||
| 2000–2004 | 5874 | 1.00 (Ref.) | 12,232 | 1.00 (Ref.) | 12,837 | 1.00 (Ref.) | |||
| 2005–2009 | 4863 | 0.90 (0.87–0.94) | <0.001 | 10,072 | 0.86 (0.84–0.88) | <0.001 | 13,119 | 0.80 (0.78–0.82) | <0.001 |
| 2010–2014 | 3472 | 0.88 (0.84–0.92) | <0.001 | 8525 | 0.79 (0.77–0.81) | <0.001 | 13,790 | 0.71 (0.69–0.73) | <0.001 |
| 2015–2019 | 1142 | 0.74 (0.70–0.79) | <0.001 | 3610 | 0.69 (0.66–0.72) | <0.001 | 9526 | 0.63 (0.61–0.64) | <0.001 |
Note: Patients listed as “other Asian” were included in the aggregate API group (deaths = 488).
Abbreviations: API, Asian/Pacific Islander (aggregate of all subgroups); CI, confidence interval; HR, hazards ratio.
a
Adjusted for all variables in the table.
b
Early stage include in‐situ and localized tumors.