Table 1.
Epidemiologic characteristics of the population.
| Variables | N=678 (%) |
|---|---|
| Age* | 61.4±10.7 |
| Female sex | 209 (30.8) |
| Hypertension | 556 (82) |
| DM | 240 (35.4) |
| Current smoker | 128 (19.8) |
| COPD | 28 (4.1) |
| Obesity | 147 (22.6) |
| CAD | 522 (77) |
| Recent MI (< 90 days) | 214 (31.6) |
| Ejection fraction ≤ 40% | 63 (9.7) |
| Ejection fraction (%)* | 58.3±12.1 |
| Carotid artery disease | 216 (41.1) |
| TIA/stroke | 61 (9.1) |
| TIA/stroke, treatment | |
| Carotid stent | 2 (0.3) |
| Endarterectomy | 1 (0.1) |
| Clinical treatment | 58 (8.7) |
| PAD | 42 (6.2) |
| Creatinine clearance (ml/min)* | 71.0±26.4 |
| Hemodialysis | 9 (1.3) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 61 (9.0) |
| Infective endocarditis | 25 (3.7) |
| Symptoms on admission | |
| Stable angina | 177 (26.2) |
| Unstable angina | 113 (16.7) |
| MI | 178 (26.3) |
| Other | 161 (23.8) |
| No symptoms | 47 (7.0) |
| Acute decompensated heart failure | 313 (46.3) |
| Previous cardiac surgery | 29 (4.3) |
| Urgent surgery | 361 (53.3) |
| EuroSCORE | 2.0% (1.2%; 4.0%) |
| Preoperative cardiogenic shock | 13 (1.9) |
| Intra-aortic balloon pump | 8 (1.2) |
| Time waiting surgery (days)† | 7.0 (1.12) |
| Type of procedure | |
| CABG | 461 (68.0) |
| CABG + AVR | 39 (5.7) |
| CABG + MVR | 18 (2.6) |
| AVR | 85 (12.5) |
| MVR | 44 (6.5) |
| AVR + MVR | 15 (2.2) |
| Other procedures | 16 (2.4) |
| Extracorporeal circulation ≥ 110 min | 224 (33.8) |
| Time in extracorporeal circulation* | 102.7±35.6 |
| Internal mammary artery graft | 484 (71.4) |
| Venous graft (number) | |
| 0 | 39 (5.7) |
| 1 | 100 (14.7) |
| 2 | 241 (35.5) |
| ≥ 3 | 137 (20.2) |
| Valve type | |
| Mechanical | 76 (11.2) |
| Biological | 128 (18.9) |
AVR=aortic valve replacement; CABG=coronary artery bypass grafting; CAD=coronary artery disease; COPD=chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; DM=diabetes mellitus; EuroSCORE=European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation; MI=myocardial infarction; MVR=mitral valve replacement; PAD=peripheral arterial disease; TIA=transient ischemic attack
*
Mean ± standard deviation
†Median and interquartile range