TABLE 3.
Characteristics of the included samples
| Ref | N | Organs, n (%) | Study groups, n (%) | Sex: male, n (%) | Months after Tx: mean (SD); median (IQR) | Age: mean (SD); median (IQR), y |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Individual participant data | ||||||
| Bessa23 | 128 | KTx | I: 64; C: 64 | 80 (62.50) | 0.0 (0.1); 0.0 (0.0) | 44.5 (12.1); 45.0 (21.0) |
| Burkhalter24 | 926 | KTx | – | 586 (63.28) | 11.5 (9.3); 9.5 (11.0) | 58.7 (12.3); 60.0 (18.0) |
| De Geest25 | 3280 | KTx 2058 (62.74) | – | 2103 (64.12) | 8.1 (7.1); 6.0 (0.9) | 52.6 (13.6); 55.0 (18.0) |
| LiTx 672 (20.49) | ||||||
| LuTx 324 (9.88) | ||||||
| HTx 226 (6.89) | ||||||
| Denhaerynck12 | 1397 | HTx | – | 1018 (72.87) | 39.9 (16.5); 39.0 (27.0) | 53.2 (13.2); 56.0 (18.0) |
| Dobbels27 | 247 | LuTx 111 (44.94) | I: 103; C: 102 | 140 (56.68) | 52.8 (34.3); 47.0 (57.0) | 54.9 (12.8); 58.0 (16.0) |
| HTx 80 (32.39) | ||||||
| LiTx 56 (22.67) | ||||||
| Ducci28 | 268 | LiTx | – | 206 (76.87) | 33.9 (15.7); 33.0 (24.0) | 54.4 (8.9); 56.0 (13.0) |
| Eisenga29 | 1737 | KTx 1036 (59.64) | – | 1020 (58.72) | 84.0 (94.9); 48.0 (126.0) | 55.8 (13.2); 58.0 (18.0) |
| LiTx 381 (21.93) | ||||||
| LuTx 248 (14.28) | ||||||
| HTx 72 (4.15) | ||||||
| Godinas30 | 166 | LuTx | – | 79 (47.59) | 81.3 (55.6); 67.0 (69.0) | 56.8 (12.7); 61.0 (14.0) |
| Gustavsen 131 | 195 | KTx | I: 100; C:95 | 139 (71.28) | 0.1 (0.0); 0.1 (0.0) | 55.3 (14.1); 57.5 (20.3) |
| Gustavsen 231 | 100 | KTx | – | 75 (75.00) | 12.0 (0.0); 12.0 (0.0) | 54.1 (13.9); 56.0 (18.5) |
| Košťálová22 | 361 | KTx | – | 323 (64.27) | 97.7 (73.3); 79.2 (108.7) | 57.7 (11.7); 60.2 (18.8) |
| Lieb8 | 78 | KTx | – | 56 (71.79) | 5.6 (4.2); 5.0 (6.0) | 55.3 (11.5); 56.5 (17.0) |
| Liu32 | 296 | LiTx | – | 223 (75.34) | – | 53.4 (10.1); 55.0 (13.0) |
| Low33 | 69 | KTx | I: 35; C: 34 | 39 (56.52) | 32.3 (16.6); 28.0 (20.0) | 50.7 (11.4); 51.2 (15.9) |
| Marsicano9,34 | 100 | KTx | – | 65 (65.00) | 72.3 (42.4); 72.0 (57.5) | 45.0 (13.5); 44.5 (23.0) |
| Silva35 | 88 | KTx | – | 56 (63.64) | 108.7 (43.9); 107.0 (59.0) | 47.2 (12.9); 47.0 (21.0) |
| Sanders-Pinheiro36 | 1105 | KTx | – | 647 (58.55) | 74.4 (57.7); 57.6 (75.6) | 47.6 (12.6); 48.4 (19.2) |
| Schäfer11 | 349 | KTx | – | 200 (57.31) | 100.2 (78.8); 91.0 (104.0) | 53.0 (13.6); 53.5 (20.5) |
| Schmid37 | 114 | KTx | – | 74 (64.91) | 32.9 (14.8); 31.5 (25.0) | 53.6 (11.9); 56.0 (15.0) |
| Scheel38,39 | 357 | KTx | – | 232 (64.99) | 77.0 (73.5); 48.0 (82.0) | 52.9 (13.8); 54.0 (21.0) |
| Tielen40,41 | 113 | KTx | – | 73 (64.60) | 1.0 (0.1); 1.0 (0.0) | 50.8 (13.5); 53.0 (18.0) |
| Subtotal | 11 474 | KTx 7177 (62.55) | – | 7344 (64.00) | 42.9 (60.5); 18.0 (48.0) | 53.4 (13.3); 55.7 (18.6) |
| HTx 1775 (15.47) | ||||||
| LiTx 1673 (14.58) | ||||||
| LuTx 849 (7.40) | ||||||
| Published data | ||||||
| Abedini42 | 91 | KTx | – | 58 (63.7) | 49.2 (52.8); 36.0 | 47.7 (14.3); 47.0 |
| Beckebaum43 | 110 | LiTx | – | 70 (63.2) | 77.4 (59.6) | 51.0 (13.9) |
| Doesch44,45 | 72 | HTx | – | 55 (76.3) | 57.6 (52.8) | 46.0 (14.4) |
| Fellström46 | 175 | KTx | – | 113 (64.6) | 49.2 (49.2); 32.4 | 49.4 (14.0); 50.0 |
| Lehner47 | 153 | KTx | – | 96 (62.7) | 69.6 (55.2) | 51.1 (12.3) |
| Valente48 | 34 | LiTx | – | 27 (79.4) | 38 | 60.0 |
| Subtotal | 635 | KTx 419 (65.98) | – | 419 (66.1) | 59.4 (52.3)a | 50.0 (13.3)a |
| LiTx 144 (22.68) | ||||||
| HTx 72 (11.34) | ||||||
| Total | 12 109 | KTx 7596 (62.73) | – | 7736 (64.1) | 43.8 (60.1)a | 53.2 (13.3)a |
| HTx 1847 (15.25) | ||||||
| LiTx 1817 (15.01) | ||||||
| LuTx 849 (7.01) | ||||||
aWeighted average using mean or median (if mean not available); pooled SD.
C, control group; HTx, heart transplant; I, intervention group; IQR, interquartile range; KTx, kidney transplant; LiTx, liver transplant; LuTx, lung transplant.