Table 5.

Tests of measurement invariance at each time point between the urban and rural groups for shyness.

Model	χ 2	df	RMSEA	CFI	TLI	χ 2	Δχ2	Δdf	p
Model fit at Time 1
M1	205.589	108	0.049	0.934	0.920	–	–	–	–
M2	214.773	119	0.046	0.935	0.928	M2 vs. M1	7.792	11	0.732
M3	270.741	131	0.053	0.906	0.905	M3 vs. M2	58.599	12	0.000
Model fit at Time 2
M1	227.802	108	0.063	0.924	0.907	–	–	–	–
M2	237.331	119	0.060	0.924	0.916	M2 vs. M1	7.793	11	0.732
M3	307.145	131	0.069	0.888	0.887	M3 vs. M2	75.171	12	0.000
Model fit at Time 3
M1	212.884	108	0.063	0.931	0.916	–	–	–	–
M2	229.838	119	0.062	0.927	0.919	M2 vs. M1	16.109	11	0.137
M3	282.450	131	0.069	0.901	0.900	M3 vs. M2	55.555	12	0.000

M1, Configural invariance; M2, Metric invariance; M3, Scalar invariance.