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. 2023 Jul 6;14:1170035. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1170035

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Copyright © 2023 Macchia, La Sorsa, Urbani, Moretti, Antonucci, Afferni and Schiavoni

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Release of soluble mediators by eosinophils. Eosinophils respond to stimuli released in the context of viral or allergic sensitization, by producing various soluble mediators involved in: inflammation (IFN-γ, IL-8, IL-12, IL-2, IL-6), Th2 response (IL-4, IL-5, IL-13), immune regulation (TGF-β, IL-10) and antiviral response, including antiviral factors (IRF-7, NOS-2, IFN-β, and the ribonucleases EAR-1 and EAR-2), chemokines attracting T cell effectors (CXCL10., CCL3, CCL5) and granule-derived cationic proteins (EDN, ECP, MBP).