. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Jan 1.

Published in final edited form as: Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2023 Mar 30;13(7):1061–1482. doi: 10.1002/alr.23079

TABLE IX.E.3.

Evidence for surgery and mortality risk

Study	Year	LOE	Study design	Study groups	Clinical end-point	Conclusion
Marti et al.²⁰³⁴	2002	2c	Retrospective cohort (outcomes) study	OSA patients (N = 475) who underwent UPPP, weight loss, CPAP, or no treatment	Mortality (all cause and OSA-related)	Surgery reduces all-cause and OSA-related mortality compared to no treatment.
Lysdahl and Haraldsson²⁰³⁵	2000	2b	Retrospective matched cohort	Heavy snorers including OSA (n = 256) patients non-heavy snorer nasal surgery patients (n = 744)	Mortality (all cause)	Mortality was no different between OSA patients treated with UPPP and non-OSA nasal surgery.
Weaver et al.¹⁴⁹⁸	2004	2b	Retrospective cohort database study	Veterans with OSA managed with UPPP (n = 2072) or provision of CPAP (n = 18,754)	Mortality (all cause), survival	Survival and mortality were better for UPPP patients than for patients prescribed CPAP.
Keenan et al.²⁰³⁶	2002	2c	Retrospective cohort (outcomes) study	OSA patients (N = 362), including those treated with UPPP (n = 149) and nasal CPAP with active use (n = 126)	All-cause mortality, survival	All-cause mortality and 5-year survival were no different between UPPP and CPAP patients.