TABLE VIII.A.5.e.

Evidence for claustrophobia management and PAP adherence

Study	Year	LOE	Study design	Study groups	Clinical endpoint	Conclusion
Means and Edinger1163	2007	4	Case series	One or more sessions of exposure therapy with a behavioral sleep psychologist	CPAP adherence data	Patients used CPAP significantly longer after exposure therapy compared to pre-treatment.
Edinger et al.1161	1993	4	Case report	Male apnea patient, who initially failed CPAP due to claustrophobia, underwent in vivo desensitization	CPAP tolerance	The patient had increased tolerance to CPAP and continued to use CPAP after desensitization.
McCrae et al.1162	2006	4	Case report	Patient with trauma-related claustrophobic response to CPAP underwent graduated in vivo exposure over a 3-month period	CPAP compliance	The patient reported increased CPAP compliance without anxiety and decreased symptoms of OSA.