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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Int Forum Allergy Rhinol. 2023 Mar 30;13(7):1061–1482. doi: 10.1002/alr.23079

TABLE IX.D.3.

Evidence on tonsillectomy for treatment of OSA

Study Year LOE Study design Study groups Clinical endpoint Conclusions
Smith et al.1678 2017 4 CS 29 OSA patients Sher’s criteria Tonsillectomy appears to be an effective treatment for OSA in a select population of adults with tonsillar hypertrophy.
Holmlund et al.1589 2016 3b PCC 28 OSA patients with AHI > 10, Friedman grade III and IV tonsils Change in AHI, ESS 6 months after surgery Tonsillectomy may be an effective treatment for adult patients with OSA and large tonsils.
Camacho et al.335 2016 3a SR/MA NA NA Isolated tonsillectomy can be successful as a treatment option for adult OSA, especially among patients with large tonsils, and mild to moderate OSA (AHI < 30/h).
Senchak et al.1500 2015 3b PCC 19 OSA patients Reduction of AHI by at least 50% to an absolute index of <15 Adult tonsillectomy alone has a beneficial effect in the treatment of OSA.
Tan et al.1674 2014 3b PCS 34 OSA patients Sher’s criteria Tonsillectomy alone may be considered as an effective, first-line surgical procedure in the treatment of OSA.
Stow et al.1679 2012 4 RCS 13 OSA patients with tonsillar hypertrophy Sher’s criteria In selected adult subjects, tonsillectomy with intercurrent nasal surgery should be considered an effective treatment for OSA.
Nakata et al.1676 2007 3b PCS 20 OSA patients AHI decrease The reduction in nasal resistance induced by simple tonsillectomy could play an important role in improving OSAS, similar to nasal surgery and adenoidectomy.
Martinho et al.1492 2006 4 PCS 7 OSA patients with moderate obesity and tonsil hypertrophy AHI decrease Tonsillectomy for OSAHS in obese patients with obstructive palatine tonsil hypertrophy caused a significant reduction in AHI.
Nakata et al.1675 2006 3b PCS 30 OSA patients with tonsillar hypertrophy Sher’s criteria Simple tonsillectomy is a beneficial modality to treat OSA in selected patients (larger tonsils, low body mass index).
Verse et al.1677 2000 3b PCS 11 OSA patients with tonsillar hypertrophy Sher’s criteria In carefully selected patients, tonsillectomy should be considered an effective and safe surgical option for the treatment of OSA.
Miyazaki et al.1680 1998 4 RCS 10 OSA patients PSG, AHI, 3 months postoperatively Certain subjects can be effectively treated through tonsillectomy solely.
Houghton et al.1681 1997 4 RCS 7 OSA patients PSG, 3 months postoperatively Adult patients with tonsillomegaly may represent a subgroup of patients with OSA who would benefit from surgery aimed at the oropharynx.
Cheong et al.1682 1990 4 RCS 14 OSA patients Postoperative PSG Tonsillectomy offered a simple and effective therapy for patients with tonsillar hypertrophy.
Aubert-Tulkens et al.1683 1989 4 RCS 7 severe OSA patients Postoperative AI In adults with long-standing sleep apnea syndrome, surgical correction of nasal or pharyngeal abnormalities should not be expected to normalize sleep and breathing.
Moser et al.1684 1987 4 RCS 6 OSA patients with adenotonsillar hypertrophy >2 months postoperative AI Many adults with OSA can clearly benefit from the removal of hypertrophied tonsils.
Rubin et al.1685 1983 4 RCS 23 moderate-severe OSA patients (seven underwent tonsillectomy, 16 treated by SMR) Postoperative PSG, AI Tonsillectomy improved the AI.
Orr et al.1672 1981 4 RCS 6 OSA patients with tonsillar hypertrophy ESS, PSG in four patients Even relatively mild tonsillar enlargement can play an important role in the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea.

Abbreviations: CS, case series; PCC, prospective case–control study; PCS, prospective cohort study; RCS, retrospective cohort study; SR, systematic review.