Table 3.
Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses for overall survival in training cohort
| Variables | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95% CI | P value | HR | 95% CI | P value | |
| Age | ||||||
| ≤ 60 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||
| > 60 | 1.319 | 1.245–1.396 | < 0.001* | 1.224 | 1.154–1.298 | < 0.001* |
| Sex | ||||||
| Female | Reference | Reference | ||||
| Male | 0.951 | 0.897–1.008 | 0.091 | |||
| Race | ||||||
| White | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||
| Black | 1.243 | 1.147–1.348 | < 0.001* | 1.237 | 1.165–1.389 | < 0.001* |
| Other | 1.032 | 0.941–1.132 | 0.501 | 1.005 | 0.935–1.144 | 0.924 |
| Primary site | ||||||
| Right colon | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||
| Transverse colon | 0.865 | 0.765–0.978 | 0.021* | 0.922 | 0.815–1.043 | 0.196 |
| Left colon | 0.697 | 0.643–0.756 | < 0.001* | 0.772 | 0.711–0.839 | < 0.001* |
| Rectum | 0.701 | 0.646–0.761 | < 0.001* | 0.859 | 0.786–0.940 | 0.021* |
| Tumor size (cm) | ||||||
| < 4.6 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||
| 4.6–6.9 | 1.153 | 1.079–1.231 | < 0.001* | 1.072 | 1.003–1.146 | 0.040* |
| > 6.9 | 1.396 | 1.298–1.502 | < 0.001* | 1.281 | 1.189–1.380 | < 0.001* |
| Grade | ||||||
| I | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||
| II | 0.985 | 0.856–1.134 | 0.993 | 1.002 | 0.861–1.167 | 0.834 |
| III | 1.421 | 1.222–1.652 | < 0.001* | 1.430 | 1.215–1.684 | < 0.001* |
| IV | 1.523 | 1.243–1.867 | < 0.001* | 1.542 | 1.238–1.919 | < 0.001* |
| Histology | ||||||
| Mucinous adenocarcinoma | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||
| Adenocarcinoma | 0.770 | 0.681–0.870 | < 0.001* | 0.868 | 0.767–0.982 | 0.025* |
| AJCC T stage | ||||||
| T1 | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||
| T2 | 0.488 | 0.403–0.591 | < 0.001* | 0.466 | 0.384–0.565 | < 0.001* |
| T3 | 0.625 | 0.565–0.692 | < 0.001* | 0.554 | 0.499–0.615 | < 0.001* |
| T4 | 0.985 | 0.887–1.093 | 0.772 | 0.785 | 0.703–0.877 | < 0.001* |
| AJCC N stage | ||||||
| NO | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||
| N1 | 1.128 | 1.046–1.216 | 0.002* | 1.173 | 1.086–1.267 | < 0.001* |
| N2 | 1.405 | 1.300–1.518 | < 0.001* | 1.444 | 1.331–1.567 | < 0.001* |
| Radiation | ||||||
| No/unknown | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 0.841 | 0.778–0.909 | < 0.001* | 0.976 | 0.893–1.067 | 0.588 |
| Chemotherapy | ||||||
| No/unknown | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||
| Yes | 0.404 | 0.375–0.435 | < 0.001* | 0.418 | 0.387–0.451 | < 0.001* |
| CEA level | ||||||
| Negative | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||
| Positive | 1.632 | 1.506–1.768 | < 0.001* | 1.680 | 1.549–1.821 | < 0.001* |
| Metastases site | ||||||
| Liver | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | ||
| Lung | 1.318 | 1.228–1.413 | < 0.001* | 1.294 | 1.206–1.390 | < 0.001* |
| Bone | 2.156 | 1.863–2.495 | < 0.001* | 1.934 | 1.669–2.242 | < 0.001* |
| Brain | 1.728 | 1.261–2.370 | 0.001* | 1.350 | 0.980–1.860 | 0.067 |