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. 2023 Jul 20;13:11765. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-38762-x

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Changes in gene expression levels according to poly(I:C) activation condition and NMN dose. IL6 and IL12 expression levels after control, poly(I:C) (2.5 µg/mL), and poly(I:C) (25 µg/mL) treatment for 6 h and 9 h in HPMECs (A) and in HCAECs (B). PCA plot of expression profiles after poly(I:C) (2.5 µg/mL) activation (red) and without poly(I:C) activation (blue) in HPMECs (C) and HCAECs (D). Volcano plots of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between control and high-dose NMN treatments in non-poly(I:C)-activated and poly(I:C)-activated HPMECs (E) and non-poly(I:C)-activated and poly(I:C)-activated HPMECs (F). Number of genes upregulated or downregulated under poly(I:C)-activated conditions via high-dose (10 mM) NMN and list of pathways overrepresented in HPMECs (G) and HCAECs (H).