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. 2023 Mar 23;72(8):1472–1485. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2022-328048

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Faecal metabolite alterations in patients with Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. (A–D). Principal coordinate analyses depicting the clustering of 255 non-IBD (black), 238 CD (purple), 174 UC (green) and 12 IBDU (pink) samples according to their metabolomic composition. The first principal component is mainly driven by the levels of cholic acid and suberate (B, D) and the second component by the concentrations of phenylalanylalanine (panel C). Light–dark colour gradient represents low–high metabolite values. Metabolite concentrations are expressed as centred log-ratio (clr) of the AUC raw values. (E). Metabolite differences between cases and controls grouped into metabolomic pathways. For clarity, only categories with three or more metabolites are shown (number of metabolites per categories are indicated on the x-axis). The y-axis represents the t-statistic value from the linear regression model (see online supplemental methods). Asterisks indicate significant differences between CD and UC (FDR<0.05, online supplemental tables 7–9). AUC, area under the curve; CD, Crohn’s disease; FDR, false discovery rate; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; IBDU, inflammatory bowel disease unclassified; UC, ulcerative colitis.