Fig. 9.

Vascularized tumor-spheroid-on-a-chip models: (A) structures of the chip and (B) tumor spheroids of human lung adenocarcinoma cells with a perfusable vascular network on the chip (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [64], Copyright 2019 Elsevier); (C) schematic of the chip and (D) tumor spheroids of human breast cancer cells, HUVECs and fibroblasts with the vasculature (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [61], Copyright 2020 Elsevier); (E) a single vascularized tumor spheroid prepared with human cervix cancer cells and fibroblasts (Reprinted with permission from Ref. [56], Copyright 2021 American Chemical Society).