Table 1.
Data and data sources.
| Data resources | Data contents | Data volumes |
|---|---|---|
| Chinese hospitals' competitiveness rankings (https://rank.cn-healthcare.com/) | Top 100 hospitals | 100 hospitals |
| Chinese hospital science and technology evaluation metrics (https://www.pumc.edu.cn/cms/web/search/index.jsp) | Top 100 hospitals | 100 hospitals |
| China's hospital rankings (https://www.ailibi-gaha.com/login) | Top 100 hospitals | 100 hospitals |
| Nature index (https://www.springernature.com/cn) | Top 100 hospitals | 100 hospitals |
| Official websites of hospitals | Hospital names and addresses | 164 hospitals |
| Web of science (https://www.webofscience.com/wos/) | Hospital articles during 2000–2019 | 6,92,342 articles |
| incoPat (https://www.incopat.com/) | Hospital patents during 2000–2019 | 45,106 patents |
| China national bureau of statistics (http://www.stats.gov.cn/) | Regional GDP of 2019 (100 million yuan)* | 31 regions |
| Local finical healthcare expenditure in 2018 (100 million yuan)* | 31 regions | |
| Per capita disposable income in 2019 (yuan)* | 31 regions | |
| The number of hospitals in 2018* | 31 regions | |
| The number of healthcare workers in 2018 (10,000 persons)* | 31 regions | |
| Resident population at the end of 2019 (10,000 persons)* | 31 regions |
*
The data from Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan are not included. GDP: gross domestic product.