Table 1.
Features of CRISPR-associated proteins.
| CRISPR-associated protein name | gRNA length (nt) | Protein size (aa) | Targeted sequence length (nt) | Editing object | Effector protein domain | PAM sequence | After digestion | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cas9 | ~100 | 1300–1400 | ~20 | dsDNA | HNH, RuvC | 5’NGG | Blunt end | Mali et al. (2013) |
| Cas12a | 60–70 | 1200-1300 | 19–24 | dsDNA | RuvC-like | 5’TTTN | Cohesive end | Paul and Montoya (2020) |
| Cas12b | 100–120 | 1000-1300 | 15–20 | dsDNA, ssDNA | RuvC-like | 5’TTN | Cohesive end | Yang et al. (2016) |
| Cas12c1 | ~110 | ~1300 | ~23 | dsRNA | RuvC-like | 5’TTN | Cohesive end | Zhang et al. (2022) |
| Cas12c2 | ~93 | ~1200 | ~17 | precrRNA | RuvC-like | 5’TG | / | Huang et al. (2022) and Kurihara et al. (2022) |
| Cas12f | ~200 | 400–700 | ~20 | dsDNA, ssDNA | RuvC-like, Zn finger | 5’TTTR | Cohesive end | Wu et al. (2021) |
| Cas12j | ~60 | 700–800 | ~18 | dsDNA | RuvC-like | 5’TBN | Cohesive end | Pausch et al. (2020) |
| Cas13a/c2c2 | 60–70 | ~1250 | 19–24 | ssRNA | 2x HEPN | 3’A,U,C | / | Liu et al. (2017) |
| Cas13b | 100–120 | ~1150 | 15–20 | ssRNA | 2x HEPN | 5′D PFS 3′NAN/NNA | / | Shmakov et al. (2017) |
| Cas13c | ~60 | ~1120 | 22–28 | ssRNA | 2x HEPN | / | / | Yan et al. (2018) |
| Cas13d | ~60 | ~930 | 22–28 | ssRNA | 2x HEPN | / | / | Yan et al. (2018) |
| Cas13X.1 | ~60 | ~775 | 22–28 | ssRNA | 2x HEPN | / | / | Xu et al. (2021) |
| Cas13Y.1 | ~60 | ~790 | 22–28 | ssRNA | 2x HEPN | / | / | Xu et al. (2021) |