Table 1. Cumulative Outcomes of Modeled Scenarios for CRC Screening Initiation at age 45 or 40 Years^a,b.

Measure	Birth cohort	Screening initiation age, y
		≥50	45	40
Total cost, $ (billions)	1973-1977	7.66	7.74	7.74
	1978-1982	9.23	9.34	9.43
	1983-1987	12.34	12.43	12.55
	1988-1992	15.10	15.13	15.27
Cost of screening and diagnosis, $ (billions)	1973-1977	2.70	2.84	2.84
	1978-1982	3.04	3.30	3.46
	1983-1987	3.67	3.96	4.23
	1988-1992	4.23	4.55	4.85
Cost of CRC management, $ (billions)c	1973-1977	4.97	4.89	4.89
	1978-1982	6.19	6.03	5.97
	1983-1987	8.67	8.47	8.32
	1988-1992	10.87	10.58	10.42
CRC incidence	1973-1977	87 732	86 472	86 472
	1978-1982	109 472	107 014	106 015
	1983-1987	154 048	150 483	147 944
	1988-1992	192 302	187 396	184 987
CRC deaths	1973-1977	30 331	29 900	29 900
	1978-1982	37 880	36 676	36 235
	1983-1987	53 018	51 600	50 504
	1988-1992	66 568	64 361	63 171

Abbreviation: CRC, colorectal cancer.

^a Values are cumulative over the 40-year period from the year the oldest participants of the cohort turn age 40 years to when the youngest participants turn age 75 years.

^b All costs are in 2019 Canadian dollars. Screening test results included screening done by fecal immunochemical test and colonoscopy (for eligible individuals with family medical history).

^c Cost of CRC management included screening, diagnosis, treatment, management of recurrence, palliative and end-of-life care (for all CRC cases, diagnosed by screening or not).