Table 2.

All identified themes and subthemes with the number of mentions and representative quotes.

Theme and subtheme			Mention (N=250 reviews), n (%)		Positive quote		Negative quote
Long-term concerns
	Effectiveness	164 (65.6)		“We are 10 weeks into the program and he has not had any accidents for 7 weeks! We also sit down and watch the program and check in videos together. The star system was also very motivating for our son. I would give this program 5 stars for effectiveness. It is a process but again, for our family, totally worth it for the quick results!”		“We have tried this alarm for 3 years now and it does nothing for our son. I am exhausted at trying to find things to stop his night time enuresis. I thought this would be the game changer, but the only thing it did was wake us up”
	Durability	67 (26.8)		No positive quotes available		“Worked for about a month and all alarms stopped working. Ordered another probe because probes are first to die. Changed batteries also. No alarm (vibrate/audible) with new probe and new batteries”
	Proper use	6 (2.4)		“For any review that says their child won’t wake up with the alarm and they won’t get out of bed, you have to sleep in their room to make sure they get up. That’s half the battle. If the alarm isn’t working, it’s most likely user error. If you do it right, we are proof that it’ll work”		“The first night, I realized the cord wasn't in the alarm properly (it requires an extra step where you turn it 90 degrees). The 2nd night, we used vibration only and my son doesn't think the alarm went off even though he wet (or maybe it did then stopped without waking him? no idea). The 3rd night, we tried both music and vibration, and again it either didn't go off or didn't wake him when he wet. Trying again tonight with it on full volume.”
	Effectiveness	164 (65.6)		“This literally was worth every penny”		“We paid several hundred dollars for this product and all we got for our money was months of sleepless nights and a shorted out non working pad”
	Durability	67 (26.8)		“If you want to help your child with nighttime dryness, purchase this product and you’ll get a team who also cares about your child to help you.”		“I tried calling the number for the company several times but only got voicemail, and messages left on it weren't replied to. I'm buying a similar device from a different company.”
Marketing
	Cost to value	64 (25.6)		“I like the fact that it has multiple sounds. That way if your child has become familiar with a sound you can change it. The volume is great and I can hear it in my room across the hall.”		“Shocked at how loud this alarm is, with no volume control. It woke up the entire house and my 9-year-old was hysterical!”
	Customer service	14 (5.6)		“We attached it to the front of his underwear and just the slightest drop of liquid sets it off. It's loud and won't quit till he unclips it which is good.”		“Tried it and it does not go off. On occasion, it would go off, but way too late.”
Alarm characteristics
	Alarm sound features	88 (35.2)		“He liked this one since it was a mat under the sheet and not something attached to his clothing.”		“My 8 year old wore this for two nights, but refused to wear it anymore. Says it’s not comfortable and itchy.”
	Alarm accuracy	79 (31.6)		“We really like that the sensor and alarm are separate pieces and that the piece that wakes you up is not an arm band.”		“We had this product for 30 days before it broke. The wiring pulled out from the alarm part.”
Device mechanics and features
	Comfort	39 (15.6)		No positive quotes available		“In the middle of the night my son screamed loudly, we immediately ran to his room and disconnected the alarm. He told us that the alarm was giving him shocks and noticed that his entire area was red. We applied ice packs on him with little to no results we had to visit our doctor in the morning.”
	Device features	30 (12)		“Pros...It comes with stickers and log book.”		“…[T]he reward stickers are insensitive and humiliating. Stickers of a baby in diapers!!! How insulting! And if they pee the bed, they’re supposed to use a sticker of a crying baby in a diaper.”
	Safety	9 (3.6)		No positive quotes available		“Worked for about a month and all alarms stopped working. Ordered another probe because probes are first to die. Changed batteries also. No alarm (vibrate/audible) with new probe and new batteries”
	Reinforcement	7 (2.8)		“For any review that says their child won’t wake up with the alarm and they won’t get out of bed, you have to sleep in their room to make sure they get up. That’s half the battle. If the alarm isn’t working, it’s most likely user error. If you do it right, we are proof that it’ll work”		“The first night, I realized the cord wasn't in the alarm properly (it requires an extra step where you turn it 90 degrees). The 2nd night, we used vibration only and my son doesn't think the alarm went off even though he wet (or maybe it did then stopped without waking him? no idea). The 3rd night, we tried both music and vibration, and again it either didn't go off or didn't wake him when he wet. Trying again tonight with it on full volume.”