Extended Data Fig 1∣. PACER Estimates Clonal Expansion Rate.

A. The passenger counts are enriched by 54% (95% CI: 51%-57%) after adjusting for age and study using a negative binomial regression. The different colors in the density plots correspond to quartiles of the marginal probability distributions. As the density estimates are smoothed, the underlying data points are indicated with hash marks. B. The distributions of passenger counts are stratified by the number of CHIP driver variants acquired. The different colors in the density plots correspond to quartiles of the marginal probability distributions. C. The observed clonal expansion rates (dVAFdT), as expressed in the change in variant allele frequency (VAF) over time (years), were associated with increased PACER fitness estimates in 55 CHIP carriers from the Women’s Health Initiative. The PACER fitness estimates have been inverse normal transformed. D. The posterior inclusion probabilities (PIP) as estimated by SuSIE⁶³ are plotted on the y-axis, and the genomic position of a 0.8 Mb region including TCL1A is plotted on the x-axis. The linkage disequilibrium (LD) estimates are plotted on a color scale and are estimated on the genotypes used for association analyses. E. Rare variant analyses were performed using the SCANG⁴⁵ rare variant scan procedure including all variants with a minor allele count less than 300. Identified rare variant windows are plotted as gray rectangles where the width corresponds to the size of the genomic region and the height corresponds to the pvalue of the SCANG⁶⁴ test statistic for the window. F. Rare variant analyses were performed including the rs2887399 genotypes as covariate. Hypothesis testing was performed using the SCANG rare variant scan procedure. G. Multiz alignments across multiple species are shown for the TCL1A locus.