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. 2023 Jul 7;17:1210328. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1210328

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Copyright © 2023 Chandrasekaran, Bhagat, Ramdeo, Ebrahimi, Sharma, Griffin, Stein, Harkema and Bouton.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Muscle recruitment profile during cervical tSCS. (A) X-ray images for participant CTS02 in the sagittal plane with radio-opaque markers on the neck (white dots). The topmost marker identifies the inion of the external occipital protuberance. The second and third markers identify points 7 cm and 9.2 cm respectively, from the inion signifying the first and third rows of a putative electrode array whose first row of electrodes was aligned at 7 cm from the inion. The last marker identifies the location of the last row of the electrode array at 15.7 cm from the inion. The cervical labels mark the exit point of the respective dorsal roots. (B) Mean activation of the 5 muscles across all stimulation amplitudes mediated by tSCS through each of the 8 electrode rows for CTS02. (C) Stimulation amplitude that resulted in maximal activation of each of the 5 muscles for CTS02. (D) X-ray images for participant CTS03. (E) Mean activation of the 5 muscles across all stimulation amplitudes mediated by tSCS through each of the 8 electrode rows for CTS03. (F) Stimulation amplitude that resulted in maximal activation of each of the 5 muscles for CTS03.