Table 4.
Meta-regression model with the hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of cardiovascular diseases mortality as a dependent variablea.
| Variable | Unadjusted meta-regression model | Adjusted meta-regression model | τ 2 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Coefficient | 95% CI | P | Coefficient | 95% CI | P | ||
| Without any covariate | 0.213 | ||||||
| Univariate model | |||||||
| Age | 0.95 | (0.90–1.00) | 0.05 | 0.069 | |||
| Year | 1.10 | (1.00–1.20) | 0.04 | 0.131 | |||
| Region | |||||||
| United States vs. other | 1.31 | (0.48–3.55) | 0.54 | 0.265 | |||
| Europe vs. other | 0.76 | (0.28–2.07) | 0.54 | 0.265 | |||
| Follow-up | 0.97 | (0.89–1.06) | 0.48 | 0.208 | |||
| Sample size | 1.00 | (0.99–1.00) | 0.18 | 0.157 | |||
| Diabetes status | 0.60 | (0.25–1.44) | 0.21 | 0.166 | |||
| Model 1 | 0.063 | ||||||
| Year | 1.06 | (0.97–1.16) | 0.12 | ||||
| Age | 0.96 | (0.91–1.00) | 0.09 | ||||
| Model 2 | 0.072 | ||||||
| Year | 1.06 | (0.95–1.17) | 0.20 | ||||
| Age | 0.96 | (0.91–1.01) | 0.12 | ||||
| Follow-up | 0.98 | (0.92–1.04) | 0.59 | ||||
| Model 3 | 0.107 | ||||||
| Year | 1.09 | (0.95–1.25) | 0.14 | ||||
| Age | 0.98 | (0.89–1.08) | 0.71 | ||||
| Follow-up | 1.00 | (0.92–1.08) | 0.96 | ||||
| Sample size | 1.00 | (0.99–1.00) | 0.44 | ||||
| Model 4 | 0.156 | ||||||
| Year | 1.11 | (0.91–1.34) | 0.17 | ||||
| Age | 0.99 | (0.87–1.12) | 0.84 | ||||
| Follow-up | 0.99 | (0.87–1.13) | 0.91 | ||||
| Sample size | 1.00 | (0.99–1.00) | 0.41 | ||||
| Diabetes status | 1.12 | (0.19–7.75) | 0.74 | ||||
| Model 5 | 0.013 | ||||||
| Year | 1.10 | (0.88–1.37) | 0.20 | ||||
| Age | 0.96 | (0.85–1.37) | 0.37 | ||||
| Follow-up | 0.96 | (0.84–1.10) | 0.42 | ||||
| Sample size | 0.99 | (0.99–1.00) | 0.33 | ||||
| Diabetes status | 1.19 | (0.25–5.69) | 0.67 | ||||
| United States vs. other | 1.80 | (0.61–5.34) | 0.14 | ||||
| Model 6 | 0.013 | ||||||
| Year | 1.10 | (0.88–1.37) | 0.20 | ||||
| Age | 0.96 | (0.85–1.09) | 0.50 | ||||
| Follow-up | 0.96 | (0.84–1.10) | 0.42 | ||||
| Sample size | 0.99 | (0.99–1.00) | 0.84 | ||||
| Diabetes status | 1.19 | (0.25–5.69) | 0.67 | ||||
| Europe vs. other | 0.55 | (0.18–1.63) | 0.14 | ||||
a
The meta-regression model is based on the ReML estimator method. Initial heterogeneity without any variable assigned in the model was τ2 = 0.213. “Age” indicates the mean age; “Duration” indicates the duration of follow-up in years; “Sample size” indicates the total sample size; “Year” indicates the year of the study publication; “Coefficient” indicates the regression coefficient; and “τ2” indicates the between-study variance in a random-effects meta-analysis.