Table 2.
Summary of literature reviewed and key themes.
| Title/year/source/ reference | Theme based on the analytical framework |
|---|---|
| Access to Essential Medicines in Ghana: A Survey of Availability of Children's Medicines in Medicine Outlets in the Ashanti Region, 2016 (39) | Availability of essential medicines |
| Annual programme of work, 2004, MoH Website (56) | Internal factors: Alignment to national policies and priority |
| Annual programme of work, 2005, MoH Website (57) | |
| Annual programme of work, 2010, MoH Website (25) | |
| Assessing approaches to improve adherence to Standard Treatment Guidelines by health professionals in selected regions in Ghana. MoH (Pharmacy Directorate) (32) | Alignment to access to medicine policies—Standard Treatment Guidelines |
| Assessment of the implementation of the Ghana National Drug Policy 2004–2013, and Proposed policy directions for 2014–2020. MoH (Pharmacy Directorate) (58) | Access to medicine policy assessment |
| Essential Drugs List and National Formulary with Therapeutic Guidelines, (1988, 1993, 1998) MoH. (59–61) | Access to medicine policy: Rational selection and use |
| Ghana National Drugs Policy, 1999/Pharmacy Directorate (12) | Access to medicine policies • Rational selection and use • Affordable pricing • Sustainable financing • Regulatory and supply chain systems Internal factors: Evidence of • Increasing health service cost • Increasing procurement cost • Irrational medicine use • Inadequate regulation and poor compliance |
| Ghana National Drugs Policy, 2004/Pharmacy Directorate (11) | |
| Ghana National Medicines Policy, 2007, MoH Website. (10) | |
| Ghana's Roadmap for Attaining UHC 2020-2030/MoH (16) | Internal factors: Alignment to national policies and priority |
| Health Sector 5-Year Programme of Work, 1996/ MoH (62) | Internal factors: Alignment to national policies and priority |
| Independent review: Health Sector Programme of Work 2007, 2008, MoH (63) | Internal factors: Alignment to national policies and priority |
| Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. (42) | UHC effective coverage index |
| Medicines Prices in Ghana, 2008./MoH (34) | Access to medicine policy implementation: Affordable pricing. Medicines availability |
| Mid-Term Review of the Implementation of the Ghana National Medicines Policy 2017. 2021. MoH (Pharmacy Directorate) (64) | Access to medicine policy assessment |
| National Community-based Health Planning and Service Policy 2010. MoH, (27) | Internal factors: Alignment to national policies and Priority |
| National Health Policy 2007/MoH (26) | Internal factors: Alignment to national policies and priority |
| Pharmaceutical Availability across Levels of Care: Evidence from Facility Surveys in Ghana, Kenya, and Uganda, 2012 (40) | Availability of essential medicines |
| Procurement Reforms in Ghana 2002 (38) | Access to medicine policy: Regulatory and supply chain systems |
| Public social policy development and Implementation: a case study of the Ghana National Health Insurance Scheme, 2008, (35) | Financial protection |
| Standard Treatment Guidelines and Essential Medicines List (2000, 2004, 2010, 2017) MoH (28–31) | Access to medicine policy: Rational selection and use |
| Use of evidence and negotiation in the review of STG. 2019. (8) | Rational selection of medicines |
| Value Added Tax (VAT) Exemptions (Amendment) 2017 | Access to medicine policy: Medicine pricing Alignment to national policies and priority |
| VAT Exemptions Regulations 2015 | Access to medicine policy: Medicine pricing Alignment to national policies and priority |
| WHO Essential Medicines List 30th Anniversary/WHO (33) | External factors: Emergence of EML with financial and technical support from WHO |