Table 1.

Descriptive statistics

Variables	Definition	Treatment group	Control group	Differences
Independent variable
URRBMI	1 if the respondent participates in URRBMI; 0 if not
Dependent variables
Supportp-c	Total family financial support from the respondent to his/her children	4196.393	2925.427	1270.996***
Supportc-p	Total family financial support from children to the respondent	3882.124	2420.817	1461.307***
Control variables
Age	Age of the respondent	60.664	61.509	-0.845***
Male	1 if the respondent is male; 0 if female	0.48	0.428	0.052***
Urban residence	1 if the respondent is urban resident; 0 if rural resident	0.203	0.312	-0.108***
Marriage status	1 if the respondent is married or cohabitating; 0 if separated, divorced or never married	0.883	0.806	0.077***
Education:
No formal education	1 if the respondent has no formal education; 0 if not	0.245	0.302	-0.057***
Can read and write	1 if the respondent’s highest level of education is “can read and write”; 0 if not	0.197	0.222	-0.024***
Primary school	1 if the respondent’s highest level of education is primary school; 0 if not	0.226	0.200	0.027***
Secondary school or above	1 if the respondent’s highest level of education is secondary school or above; 0 if not	0.332	0.277	0.055***
Self-rated health status	1 if very poor; 2 if poor; 3 if fair; 4 if good; 5 if very good	3.042	3.083	-0.042**
Public pensions	1 if the respondent participates in a public pension program; 0 if not	0.602	0.294	0.308***
Number of children	Total number of living and dead children, including biological children, stepchildren, and adopted children	3.029	3.162	-0.132***
Living arrangement	1 if the respondent living with his/her children; 0 if not	0.279	0.349	-0.069***
Family financial assets	Total net family financial assets	4708.932	3091.608	1617.324***

*, **, and *** indicate that the coefficients significantly differ from 0 at the 10%, 5%, and 1% levels, respectively