Table 3.
Average prevalence of E. aerophilus in the lungs of wild animals was calculated using the fixed-effects model
| Species | No. of studies included | Average prevalence (%) | 95% CI | Country | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| American marten (Martes americana) | 1 | 0.99a | 0.32–2.69 | Canada | Seville et al. [145] |
| American mink (Neovision vision) | 1 | 13.56a | 6.45–25.53 | Lithuania | Nugaraitė et al. [146] |
| Badger (Meles meles) | 1 | 66.67a | 24.11–94.00 | Hungary | Takacs et al. [147] |
| Beech marten (Martes foina) | 3 | 11.13 | 3.79–18.46 | Denmark | Lemming et al. [68] |
| Bulgaria | Panayotova-Pancheva et al. [148] | ||||
| Japan | Sato et al. [149] | ||||
| Bobcat (Lynx rufus) | 1 | 4.00a | 1.04–12.03 | USA | Tiekotter et al. [150] |
| Coyote (Canis latrans) | 2 | 12.65 | 10.23–15.08 | USA | Morrison et al. [151] |
| Morrison et al. [152] | |||||
| European otter (Lutra lutra) | 1 | 10.00a | 4.96–18.59 | Denmark | Takeuchi-Storm et al. [153] |
| European pine marten (Martes martes) | 1 | 50.98a | 40.95–60.94 | Spain | Segovia et al. [154] |
| European polecat (Mustela putorius) | 1 | 34.62a | 17.95–55.64 | Lithuania | Nugaraitė et al. [146] |
| European wildcat (Felis silvestris) | 6 | 26.98 | 18.92–35.03 | Romania | Deak et al. [155] |
| Greece | Diakou et al. [136] | ||||
| Italy | Falsone et al. [156] | ||||
| Veronesi et al. [158] | |||||
| Germany | Krone et al. [91] | ||||
| Hungary | Takacs et al. [157] | ||||
| Guigna (Leopardus guigna) | 1 | 9.38a | 2.46–26.17 | Chile | Acuña-Olea et al. [159] |
| Hedgehog (Erinaceus sp.) | 4 | 5.27 | 3.18–7.35 | Turkey | Cirak et al. [160] |
| UK | Gaglio et al. [161] | ||||
| Iran | Naem et al. [162] | ||||
| Denmark | Rasmussen et al. [163] | ||||
| Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) | 1 | 12.50a | 0.66–53.32 | Spain | Torres et al. [164] |
| Iberian wolf (Canis lupus signatus) | 2 | 4.39 | 0.88–7.89 | Spain | Estevez-Sanchez et al. [168] |
| Martínez-Rondán et al. [73] | |||||
| Jackal (Canis aureus) | 2 | 14.57 | 6.58–22.29 | Serbia | Čabrilo et al. [56] |
| Hungary | Takacs et al. [169] | ||||
| Mustelidae | 1 | 14.52a | 9.06–22.24 | France | Torres et al. [170] |
| Raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) | 5 | 3.03 | 1.96–4.11 | Lithuania | Bružinskaitė-Schmidhalter et al. [55] |
| Estonia | Laurimaa et al. [67] | ||||
| Denmark | Lemming et al. [68] | ||||
| USA | Richardson et al. [165] | ||||
| Germany | Thiess et al. [166] | ||||
| Wolf (Canis lupus) | 1 | 36.36a | 20.96–54.85 | Latvia | Bagrade et al. [167] |
CI Confidence interval
aValues is prevalence estimated from only one study, not average prevalence