Figure 3.

PEDV attachment, internalization, and replication are affected by Fan. (A–C) Fan inhibits PEDV by affecting viral attachment, as assessed using qRT-PCR, Western blotting, and TCID₅₀ assays. (D–F) Fan inhibits PEDV by affecting viral internalization, as assessed using qRT-PCR analysis, Western blotting, and TCID₅₀ analysis. (G, H) It inhibits PEDV by affecting viral replication as assessed using qRT-PCR analysis and Western blotting. (I) At 24 hpi, cellular supernatants and intact cells were obtained, and the PEDV N gene copy number was determined. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; and ****P < 0.0001 indicate significant differences vs. the control group.