Table 4.
Self-reported comorbidities recorded at baseline visit for those respondents who answered questions on voice or swallow problems
| ICU swallow | ICU voice | |||||
| No | Yes | P value | No | Yes | P value | |
| N (%) | 767 (80.3%) | 188 (19.7%) | 627 (66.3%) | 319 (33.7%) | ||
| Myocardial infarction | 34 (4.4%) | 6 (3.2%) | 0.446 | 25 (4.0%) | 15 (4.7%) | 0.605 |
| Ischaemic heart disease | 46 (6.0%) | 14 (7.4%) | 0.463 | 37 (5.9%) | 22 (6.9%) | 0.549 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 33 (4.3%) | 10 (5.3%) | 0.547 | 30 (4.8%) | 13 (4.1%) | 0.620 |
| Hypertension | 298 (38.9%) | 65 (34.6%) | 0.279 | 236 (37.6%) | 124 (38.9%) | 0.712 |
| Congestive heart failure/Congenital heart disease/Valvular heard disease/Pacemaker/Implantable device/Peripheral vascular disease | 40 (5.2%) | 11 (5.9%) | 0.728 | 34 (5.4%) | 18 (5.6%) | 0.888 |
| Hypercholesterolaemia/Dyslipidaemia | 166 (21.6%) | 35 (18.6%) | 0.362 | 138 (22.0%) | 62 (19.4%) | 0.359 |
| Cerebrovascular accident/Transient ischaemic attack | 42 (5.5%) | 8 (4.3%) | 0.501 | 33 (5.3%) | 17 (5.3%) | 0.966 |
| Depression or anxiety | 103 (13.4%) | 41 (21.8%) | 0.004 | 86 (13.7%) | 56 (17.6%) | 0.118 |
| Chronic fatigue syndrome, fibromyalgia, chronic pain | 37 (4.8%) | 19 (10.1%) | 0.006 | 32 (5.1%) | 24 (7.5%) | 0.136 |
| Any previous treatment with antidepressant medication | 81 (10.6%) | 40 (21.3%) | <0.001 | 78 (12.4%) | 40 (12.5%) | 0.965 |
| Any previous treatment by a mental health professional for a mental health problem | 33 (4.3%) | 21 (11.2%) | <0.001 | 25 (4.0%) | 27 (8.5%) | 0.004 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 32 (4.2%) | 8 (4.3%) | 0.959 | 27 (4.3%) | 12 (3.8%) | 0.690 |
| Asthma | 126 (16.4%) | 49 (26.1%) | 0.002 | 96 (15.3%) | 74 (23.2%) | 0.003 |
| Obstructive sleep apnoea | 39 (5.1%) | 14 (7.4%) | 0.205 | 35 (5.6%) | 18 (5.6%) | 0.969 |
| Interstitial lung disease/Bronchiectasis/Obesity hypoventilation syndrome/Pleural effusion | * | * | * | 14 (2.2%) | 11 (3.4%) | 0.271 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | * | * | * | 20 (3.2%) | 9 (2.8%) | 0.756 |
| Osteoarthritis | 75 (9.8%) | 21 (11.2%) | 0.570 | 57 (9.1%) | 38 (11.9%) | 0.172 |
| Peptic ulcer disease/Liver disease | 41 (5.3%) | 6 (3.2%) | 0.221 | 34 (5.4%) | 13 (4.1%) | 0.367 |
| Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease | 62 (8.1%) | 29 (15.4%) | 0.002 | 52 (8.3%) | 39 (12.2%) | 0.052 |
| Irritable bowel syndrome | 21 (2.7%) | 9 (4.8%) | 0.149 | 14 (2.2%) | 16 (5.0%) | 0.021 |
| Diabetes | 186 (24.3%) | 45 (23.9%) | 0.928 | 151 (24.1%) | 77 (24.1%) | 0.985 |
| Hypothyroidism | 38 (5.0%) | 9 (4.8%) | 0.924 | 30 (4.8%) | 17 (5.3%) | 0.716 |
| Chronic kidney disease (any stage) | 43 (5.6%) | 7 (3.7%) | 0.299 | 39 (6.2%) | 11 (3.4%) | 0.072 |
| Cancer | 58 (7.6%) | 9 (4.8%) | 0.182 | 44 (7.0%) | 23 (7.2%) | 0.913 |
| Infectious disease | * | * | * | 11 (1.8%) | 8 (2.5%) | 0.435 |
| Number of comorbidities | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | 0.528 | 2 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | 0.171 |
Unless otherwise specified, numbers are shown as counts (percentages) and p values have been calculated using χ2 test.
*Numbers ≤5 have been suppressed, p<0.05 are bolded. Patients reporting asthma, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, depression, chronic fatigue syndrome and previous treatments for a mental health problem were significantly more likely to report a swallow problem, likewise patients reporting irritable bowel syndrome, asthma and previous treatment by a mental health professional were more likely to report voice problems.
ICU, intensive care unit.