. 2023 Jun 2;9(6):e16955. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16955

Table 2.

Case 1 optimization results. (a) δt Minimum value, (b) δt Maximum value, (c) δt Target value (19.6 mm).

Test	x	T	Re_x	δt	Q	Time(s)	Error
(a)
PSO	0.08445	80.00000	3842.811	7.07210	190.00000	1.67490	0.000%
GA	0.08499	80.00000	3867.200	7.09448	189.40385	1.35629	0.316%
SA	0.08445	80.00000	3842.982	7.07233	189.99578	4.92237	0.003%
ACOR	0.08445	80.00000	3842.811	7.07210	190.00000	4.39949	0.000%
ABC	0.08445	80.00000	3842.821	7.07218	189.99984	1.68618	0.001%
FA	0.08445	80.00000	3458.916	7.07210	189.99999	30.53532	0.000%
(b)
PSO	1.00000	116.75120	41,347.866	25.12140	190.00000	1.64163	0.000%
GA	1.00000	116.70901	41,352.204	25.12052	189.85007	4.51513	0.004%
SA	1.00000	116.75081	41,347.907	25.12140	189.99868	5.06173	0.000%
ACOR	0.89023	106.73642	37,723.299	25.40680	163.65026	5.39199	1.136%
ABC	1.00000	116.75120	41,347.866	25.12140	190.00000	1.73180	0.000%
FA	1.00000	116.74995	41,347.998	25.12140	189.99546	31.64163	0.000%
(c)
PSO	0.62630	100.18815	27,009.626	19.60000	164.66976	1.54420	0.000%
GA	0.62762	99.05883	27,145.582	19.60165	159.27969	4.52280	0.008%
SA	0.62872	97.95012	24,559.568	19.60000	154.01459	4.97925	0.000%
ACOR	0.62608	100.39927	21,528.209	19.60000	165.67466	4.08306	0.000%
ABC	0.62650	99.72617	27,063.723	19.60002	162.47003	1.74641	0.000%
FA	0.62465	101.71371	26,831.764	19.60000	171.93269	29.85310	0.000%