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. 2023 Jul 7;14:1214246. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1214246

Table 1.

Pre and post outcomes for main research questions.

Pretest Posttest
Outcome Group N Mean SD N Mean SD
Knowledge BAU 24 0.08 0.28 23 0.09 0.29
SIWI 26 0.23 0.51 25 3.82 0.43
Evidence-based practices
Teaching writing BAU 24 4.28 0.94 23 3.97 1.07
SIWI 26 3.82 1.20 25 5.09 0.99
Supporting writing BAU 24 4.64 0.59 23 4.29 0.88
SIWI 26 4.38 1.08 25 5.02 0.92
Efficacy BAU 24 4.49 0.58 23 4.25 0.62
SIWI 26 4.34 0.78 25 4.77 0.63

Knowledge represents the mean behavioral profile from 0 to 6, non-use to renewal. Evidence-based practices is the mean score on an 8-point scale (1–8), ranging from never to several times a day. The efficacy score represents the mean of a 6-point scale (1–6), from strongly disagree to strongly agree.