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. 2023 Jun 6;9(6):e17026. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17026

Table 7.

Toxicity parameter of selected metabolites.

Toxicity parameter Metabolites name
Caledonixanthone E Viniferin Glaucine Jatrorrhizine
AMES Toxicity Yes Yes No No
Max. Tolerated Dose (log mg/kg/day) 0.339 0.304 0.167 −0.468
hERG I inhibitor No No No No
hERG II inhibitors Yes Yes Yes Yes
Oral Rat Acute Toxicity, LD50 (mol/kg) 2.131 2.441 3.219 3.089
Oral Rat Chronic Toxicity, LOAEL (log mg/kg_bw/day) 1.589 1.579 1.527 1.146
Hepatotoxicity No No No Yes
Skin Sensitization No No No No
Minnow Toxicity (log mM) 0.158 0.861 0.038 0.453