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. 2023 Jul 3;13(2):117–129. doi: 10.1055/s-0043-1770701

Table 1. Participants characteristics ( n  = 255) .

Characteristic n (%)
Age, n  = 238
 24–39
 40–55
 56–69
 70–84

66 (27.7)
58 (24.4)
76 (31.9)
38 (16)
Gender, n  = 246
 Male
 Female

172 (69.9)
74 (30.1)
Race/Ethnicity, n  = 247
 South Asian
 Arab or Middle Eastern
 White/Caucasian
 Black/African American

172 (69.6)
54 (21.9)
10 (4.1)
2 (0.8)
Residency status, n  = 244
 Participant immigrated to the United States as an adult
 Participant immigrated to the United States as a child
 Participant born in the United States

158 (64.8)
39 (16)
47 (19.3)
Participant completed medical school in the United States, n  = 243 77 (31.7)
Years of medical practice since completion of medical school, n  = 239
 0–10
 11–20
 21–30
 32–41
 42–57

66 (27.6)
36 (15.1)
48 (20.1)
58 (24.3)
31 (13)
Importance of religion in respondent's life, n  = 254
“The most important part of my life”
“Very important in my life”
“Fairly important in my life”

136 (53.5)
90 (35.4)
25 (9.8)
Frequency of attendance at congregational worship services, n  = 251
Daily
Less than daily but at least once a week
Less than weekly but at least once per month
Less than monthly but at least once per year

29 (11.6)
116 (46.2)
47 (18.7)
59 (23.5)
Frequency of prayer, n  = 251
Five times per day
Less than five times a day but at least once per day
Less than once per day but at least once per week
Rarely or never

158 (63)
65 (25.9)
14 (5.6)
14 (5.6)
Frequency of reading the Quran outside of prayer, n  = 251
Daily
Less than daily but on a weekly basis
2-3 times per month
On special occasions
Rarely or never

79 (31.5)
50 (19.9)
32 (12.8)
48 (19.1)
42 (16.7)
Keeping Ramadan fast, n =253
Strictly
Somewhat
Not at all

215 (85)
31 (12.3)
7 (2.8)
Dietary practices, n  = 248
Most religious
Very religious
Fairly religious
Not religious

64 (25.8)
74 (29.8)
96 (38.7)
14 (5.7)
Religious appearance,
Keep a beard (male only), n  = 171
Wear the hijab (female only), n  = 71

76 (44.4)
31 (43.7)