Table 1.
Linear mixed models.
| linear mixed models (LMM) | β | SE | 95% CI | z | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Physical match performance | ||||||
| Accelerations | ||||||
| Fixed effect | ||||||
| Intercept | 257.73 | 7.03 | 243.96 | 271.50 | 36.69 | <0.01 |
| Playing style coefficient [PSC] | 38.75 | 1.75 | 35.33 | 42.18 | 22.17 | <0.01 |
| Random effects | ||||||
| Teams | 1032.09 | 9.42 | ||||
| Offensive formation | 6.47 | 0.17 | ||||
| R 2 | 0.69 | |||||
| Accelerations in relation to time | ||||||
| Fixed effect | ||||||
| Intercept | 17.21 | 0.58 | 16.07 | 18.35 | 29.54 | <0.01 |
| Playing style coefficient [PSC] | 0.33 | 1.16 | 0.10 | 0.56 | 2.86 | <0.01 |
| Random effects | ||||||
| Teams | 6.52 | 0.79 | ||||
| Offensive formation | 0.04 | 0.01 | ||||
| R 2 | 0.23 | |||||
| Decelerations | ||||||
| Fixed effect | ||||||
| Intercept | 284.26 | 7.77 | 269.03 | 299.50 | 36.58 | <0.01 |
| Playing style coefficient [PSC] | 45.45 | 1.95 | 41.63 | 49.27 | 23.33 | <0.01 |
| Random effects | ||||||
| Teams | 1434.12 | 11.10 | ||||
| Offensive formation | 13.216 | 0.23 | ||||
| R 2 | 0.69 | |||||
| Decelerations in relation to time | ||||||
| Fixed effect | ||||||
| Intercept | 18.86 | 0.57 | 17.74 | 19.99 | 32.89 | <0.01 |
| Playing style coefficient [PSC] | 0.51 | 0.13 | 0.26 | 0.76 | 4.00 | <0.01 |
| Random effects | ||||||
| Teams | −0.36 | 0.73 | ||||
| Offensive formation | 0.11 | 0.03 | ||||
| R2 | 0.22 | |||||
| Sprinting distance | ||||||
| Fixed effect | ||||||
| Intercept | 313.50 | 12.44 | 289.12 | 337.89 | 25.20 | <0.01 |
| Playing style coefficient [PSC] | 7.87 | 3.72 | 0.58 | 15.17 | 2.11 | 0.03 |
| Random effects | ||||||
| Teams | 1615.47 | 7.67 | ||||
| Offensive formation | Not included | |||||
| R2 | 0.08 | |||||
| Sprinting distance in relation to time | ||||||
| Fixed effect | ||||||
| Intercept | 22.60 | 1.06 | 20.53 | 24.67 | 21.36 | <0.01 |
| Playing style coefficient [PSC] | −1.72 | 0.28 | −2.27 | −1.18 | −6.17 | <0.01 |
| Random effects | ||||||
| Physical match performance | ||||||
| teams | 13.77 | 0.75 | ||||
| offensive formation | Not included | |||||
| R 2 | 0.14 | |||||
| High-intensity distance | ||||||
| Fixed effect | ||||||
| Intercept | 835.57 | 19.40 | 797.54 | 873.60 | 43.07 | <0.01 |
| Playing style coefficient [PSC] | 60.92 | 5.75 | 49.65 | 72.18 | 10.60 | <0.01 |
| Random effects | ||||||
| Teams | 3619.64 | 10.78 | ||||
| Offensive formation | Not included | |||||
| R 2 | 0.36 | |||||
| High-intensity distance in relation to time | ||||||
| Fixed effect | ||||||
| Intercept | 58.89 | 2.00 | 54.96 | 62.81 | 29.39 | <0.01 |
| Playing style coefficient [PSC] | −2.19 | 0.45 | −3.08 | −1.30 | −4.82 | <0.01 |
| Random effects | ||||||
| Teams | 54.51 | 1.54 | ||||
| Offensive formation | Not included | |||||
| R 2 | 0.13 | |||||
| Linear mixed models (LMM) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Technical match performance | ||||||
| Percentage short passes | ||||||
| Fixed effect | ||||||
| Intercept | 0.37 | 32.72 | 0.35 | 0.40 | 32.72 | <0.01 |
| Playing style coefficient [PSC] | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.46 | 0.00 | 0.74 | 0.46 |
| Random effects | ||||||
| Teams | 0.00 | 0.01 | ||||
| Offensive formation | Not included | |||||
| R 2 | 0.17 | |||||
| Success rate passes short | ||||||
| Fixed effect | ||||||
| Intercept | 0.89 | 0.00 | 0.88 | 0.89 | 223.42 | <0.01 |
| Playing style coefficient [PSC] | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 12.03 | <0.01 |
| Random effects | ||||||
| Teams | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||
| Offensive formation | Not included | |||||
| R 2 | 0.46 | |||||
| Percentage medium passes | ||||||
| Fixed effect | ||||||
| Intercept | 0.53 | 0.01 | 0.52 | 0.55 | 60.00 | <0.01 |
| Playing style coefficient [PSC] | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 3.70 | <0.01 |
| Random effects | ||||||
| Teams | 0.00 | 0.01 | ||||
| Offensive formation | 0.01 | 0.01 | ||||
| R 2 | 0.20 | |||||
| Technical match performance | ||||||
| Success rate passes medium | ||||||
| Fixed effect | ||||||
| Intercept | 0.83 | 0.00 | 0.82 | 0.84 | 225.88 | <0.01 |
| Playing style coefficient [PSC] | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 15.71 | <0.01 |
| Random effects | ||||||
| Teams | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||
| Offensive formation | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||
| R 2 | 0.62 | |||||
| Percentage long passes | ||||||
| Fixed effect | ||||||
| Intercept | 0.10 | 0.00 | 0.10 | 0.11 | 24.78 | <0.01 |
| Playing style coefficient [PSC] | −0.01 | 0.00 | −0.01 | −0.01 | −12.74 | <0.01 |
| Random effects | ||||||
| teams | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||
| offensive formation | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||
| R 2 | 0.58 | |||||
| Success rate passes long | ||||||
| Fixed effect | ||||||
| Intercept | 0.45 | 0.01 | 0.43 | 0.48 | 37.32 | <0.01 |
| Playing style coefficient [PSC] | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 5.67 | <0.01 |
| Random effects | ||||||
| Teams | 0.00 | 0.01 | ||||
| Offensive formation | Not included | |||||
| R 2 | 0.29 | |||||
| Percentage horizontal passes | ||||||
| Fixed effect | ||||||
| Intercept | 0.46 | 0.00 | 0.45 | 0.47 | 123.60 | <0.01 |
| Playing style coefficient [PSC] | 0.02 | 0.00 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 20.77 | <0.01 |
| Random effects | ||||||
| Teams | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||
| Offensive formation | 0.00 | 0.01 | ||||
| R 2 | 0.73 | |||||
| Success rate passes horizontally | ||||||
| Fixed effect | ||||||
| Intercept | 0.94 | 0.00 | 0.93 | 0.95 | 258.19 | <0.01 |
| Playing style coefficient [PSC] | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 5.30 | <0.01 |
| Random effects | ||||||
| Teams | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||
| Offensive formation | 0.00 | 0.01 | ||||
| R 2 | 0.17 | |||||
| Percentage backward passes | ||||||
| Fixed effect | ||||||
| Intercept | 0.13 | 0.00 | 0.13 | 0.14 | 61.57 | <0.01 |
| Playing style coefficient [PSC] | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 2.65 | <0.01 |
| Technical match performance | ||||||
| Random effects | ||||||
| Teams | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||
| Offensive formation | Not included | |||||
| R 2 | 0.15 | |||||
| Success rate passes backward | ||||||
| Fixed effect | ||||||
| Intercept | 0.88 | 0.00 | 0.88 | 0.89 | 328.75 | <0.01 |
| Playing style coefficient [PSC] | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 15.79 | <0.01 |
| Random effects | ||||||
| Teams | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||
| Offensive formation | Not included | |||||
| R 2 | 0.51 | |||||
| Passing velocity | ||||||
| Fixed effect | ||||||
| Intercept | 50.29 | 0.35 | 49.61 | 50.98 | 144.03 | <0.01 |
| Playing style coefficient [PSC] | 0.21 | 0.04 | 0.13 | 0.30 | 4.81 | <0.01 |
| Random effects | ||||||
| Teams | 2.02 | 0.46 | ||||
| Offensive formation | Not included | |||||
| R 2 | 0.37 | |||||
| Dribblings | ||||||
| Fixed effect | ||||||
| Intercept | 9.55 | 0.57 | 8.43 | 10.67 | 16.75 | <0.01 |
| Playing style coefficient [PSC] | 0.19 | 0.13 | −0.05 | 0.44 | 1.55 | 0.12 |
| Random effects | ||||||
| Teams | 4.42 | 0.43 | ||||
| Offensive formation | Not included | |||||
| R 2 | 0.13 | |||||
| Success rate dribblings | ||||||
| Fixed effect | ||||||
| Intercept | 0.66 | 0.02 | 0.61 | 0.70 | 29.25 | <0.01 |
| Playing style coefficient [PSC] | 0.00 | 0.01 | −0.01 | 0.01 | −0.06 | 0.95 |
| Random effects | ||||||
| Teams | 0.00 | |||||
| Offensive formation | 0.04 | |||||
| R 2 | 0.07 | |||||
| Linear mixed models (LMM) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Success related factors | ||||||
| X Goals | ||||||
| Fixed effect | ||||||
| Intercept | 1.28 | 0.07 | 1.15 | 1.41 | 19.57 | <0.01 |
| Playing style coefficient [PSC] | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.09 | 3.19 | <0.01 |
| Random effects | ||||||
| Teams | 0.05 | 0.04 | ||||
| Offensive formation | Not included | |||||
| Success related factors | ||||||
| R 2 | 0.13 | |||||
| Goals | ||||||
| Fixed effect | ||||||
| Intercept | 1.35 | 0.15 | 1.06 | 1.64 | 9.14 | <0.01 |
| Playing style coefficient [PSC] | −0.05 | 0.03 | −0.10 | 0.01 | −1.49 | 0.14 |
| Random effects | ||||||
| Teams | 0.32 | 0.13 | ||||
| Offensive formation | ||||||
| R 2 | 0.13 | |||||
| Points | ||||||
| Fixed effect | ||||||
| Intercept | 1.37 | 0.14 | 1.10 | 1.64 | 9.86 | <0.01 |
| Playing style coefficient [PSC] | −0.03 | 0.04 | −0.10 | 0.04 | −0.92 | 0.36 |
| Random effects | ||||||
| Teams | 0.11 | 0.10 | ||||
| Offensive formation | 1.54 | 0.68 | ||||
| R 2 | 0.10 | |||||
Results of the linear mixed models with the physical, technical, and success parameters as dependent variable. The coefficients of the effects (β), the standard error (SE), the 95% confidence interval and the z-and according p-values are presented. The fixed effect playing style coefficient [PSC] and the random effects team and offensive formation are distinguished. If a random effect was excluded the row was labelled with ‘not included’.