Table 2.
Linear mixed effect module analysis results-subjective sleep quality.
| SOL | SE | TST | AT | PSQI | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β | t value | β | t value | β | t value | β | t value | β | t value | |
| Constant | 19.670 | 13.345*** | 91.648 | 170.366*** | 364.970 | 77.277*** | 0.593 | 8.738*** | 7.275 | 9.885*** |
| Time (week) | ||||||||||
| No-intervention | 0.000 | – | 0.000 | – | 0.000 | – | 0.000 | – | 0.000 | – |
| 1 | −2.031 | −2.441* | 1.103 | 3.625*** | 14.624 | 5.392*** | −0.101 | −2.709** | −0.739 | −3.980*** |
| 2 | −2.468 | −2.967** | 1.509 | 4.957*** | 8.715 | 3.213** | −0.122 | −3.262** | −1.054 | −5.677*** |
| 3 | −3.181 | −3.823*** | 1.597 | 5.247*** | 10.547 | 3.889*** | −0.191 | −5.125*** | −1.391 | −7.492*** |
| 4 | −5.146 | −6.185*** | 2.407 | 7.910*** | 7.862 | 2.899** | −0.225 | −6.033*** | −1.511 | −8.136*** |
| Gender | ||||||||||
| Male | −0.545 | −0.919 | 0.071 | 0.328 | 1.101 | 0.571 | 0.001 | 0.018 | −0.199 | −0.497 |
| Female | 0.000 | – | 0.000 | – | 0.000 | – | 0.000 | – | 0.000 | – |
| Grade | ||||||||||
| Freshman | −0.918 | −0.747 | 0.499 | 1.111 | −1.797 | −0.450 | −0.034 | −0.626 | 0.649 | 0.819 |
| Sophomore | −0.051 | −0.039 | 0.299 | 0.626 | −4.125 | −0.976 | −0.071 | −1.222 | 1.186 | 1.584 |
| Junior | 0.000 | – | 0.000 | – | 0.000 | – | 0.000 | – | 0.000 | – |
SOL, Sleep Onset Latency; SE, Sleep efficiency TST, Total sleep time; AT, Awaking times; T, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; PSQI. *p<0.05; **p<0.01; ***p<0.001.