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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Psychoneuroendocrinology. 2023 Feb 9;151:106052. doi: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106052

Table 2.

Zero−order correlations and descriptive statistics for study variables.

Variable 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17.

1. Children s HCC
2. Stressful Life Events −.05
3. Mothers’ Authoritative Parenting −.01 .01
4. Mothers’ Authoritarian Parenting .07 .03 −.23**
5. Mothers’ Permissive Parenting .15 .15 −.15 .38**
6. Fathers’ Authoritative Parenting −.04 .01 .36** −.15 −.14
7. Fathers’ Authoritarian Parenting .23* −.11 .06 .30** .19 −.35**
8. Fathers’ Permissive Parenting .07 −.07 .09 −.13 .33** −.24* .18
9. Mothers’ Anxiety .07 .08 −.17* .33** .02 −.04 .10 −.12
10. Mothers’ Depression .05 .06 −.22* .40** .07 .03 .08 .00 .69**
11. Fathers’ Anxiety .01 .01 −.09 .05 .02 −.08 .23* .13 .21* .11
12. Fathers’ Depression .00 .13 −.11 .05 .05 −.15 .27** .17 .15 .09 .73***
13. Mothers’ Perceived Stress −.09 .22** −.15 .34** .14 −.09 −.06 −.07 .53** .57** .13 .19
14. Fathers’ Perceived Stress −.03 −.02 .01 .11 .13 −.13 .31** .07 .12 .11 .70 *** .61*** .14
15. Fathers’ Physical Coercion .26* −.10 .00 .34** .11 −.19 .69** −.05 .23* .15 .11 .13 .08 .11
16. Fathers’ Verbal Hostility .16 −.16 .13 .21* .08 −.29** .87** .19 .09 .05 .29** .35** −.10 .35** .39**
17. Fathers’ Non-reasoning/Punitive .08 −.25* −.04 .16 .27** −.32** .70** .28** −.07 .02 .08 .09 −.08 .19 .17 .48**


















Descriptives

M 2.31 1.28 63.59 19.43 10.60 59.99 20.10 11.20 35.67 13.09 37.09 12.87 14.71 14.37 6.12 7.49 6.57
SD .93 1.36 6.14 4.56 2.98 7.93 5.04 3.20 12.78 5.05 12.12 5.28 5.61 6.84 2.19 2.69 1.87
Min - Max .18–5.76 0–7 47–75 12–32 6–18 36–75 12–39 6–21 21–84 8–32 21–70 8–26 3–31 0–33 4–14 4–16 4–12
Alpha - - .85 .77 .70 .88 .79 .72 .94 .92 .93 .93 .86 .91 .67 .76 .46

Note:

*

p < .05

**

p < .01

***

p < .001; HCC = hair cortisol concentration; M = mean; SD = standard deviation; Min = minimum; Max = maximum.