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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Sep 1.
Published in final edited form as: Trends Analyt Chem. 2023 Jun 28;166:117155. doi: 10.1016/j.trac.2023.117155

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1.

The gut serves as a crucial site for several xenobiotic exposures, which can impact a variety of essential microbial metabolites, including bile acids, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), tryptophan (Trp) metabolites, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), and branched-chain amino acids (BCAA). In addition, the gut can remotely communicate with other organs within the host, leading to toxic effects through the gut-organ axis.