Cross-linking of His-ParB and His-ParB fragments with DSP. Ten micrograms of protein was incubated with DSP at room temperature for the indicated times and analyzed by electrophoresis as described in Materials and Methods. Arrows indicate the positions of monomers and the brackets indicate the positions of cross-linked products (XL). (A) Cross-linking of His-ParB compared with that of His-47-333 ParB on an SDS–10% gel. His-ParB cross-links efficiently to a dimer-size and possibly a tetramer-size smear. Lane M, size markers. (B) Cross-linking of two smaller C-terminal fragments in the presence of DSP. His-87-333 ParB and His-275-333 were treated with DSP and analyzed on a 10% polyacrylamide gel (left) and a 12% polyacrylamide gel (right), respectively. (C) Cross-linking reactions of two N-terminal fragments of ParB, His-1-293 ParB, and His-1-177 ParB, in a 12% polyacrylamide gel.