Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2023 Jul 6;14:1204512. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1204512

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Copyright © 2023 Dorjee, Gogoi, Kamil, Kumar, Mondal, Pattanayak and Gurung.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

PMC Copyright notice

Visible effect of different treatments on shoot and root of maize (A) and concentration-dependent effect of different treatments on root length (B), root length density (C), root volume (D), average diameter (E), root biomass (F), shoot biomass (G), root–shoot ratio (H), germination percentage (I), and vigor index (J) exposed to EO-grafted CuNPs and grown in a pot. Data (mean ± standard errors) on the y-axis with different letters are significantly different in each graph (Tukey HSD, p ≤ 0.05). Data documented 35 DAS. Treatment used for 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th pots are ST (EGC) @250 mg L⁻¹, ST (EGC) @500 mg L⁻¹, ST (EGC)@ 1,000 mg L⁻¹, ST (CuNPs)@ 1,000 mg L⁻¹, and ST (EO) @ 1,000 mg L⁻¹, respectively. ST, seed treatment; EGC, essential oil-grafted CuNPs; CuNPs, copper nanoparticles; EO, essential (clove oil).