Table 4.

Standardized Coefficients of Social Skills and Behavior Outcomes Regressed on Type of Care at Wave 1

	Social Skills (n = 281; 3 years or older at wave 1)						Social Skills (n = 1,385; full sample)
	Wave 2			Wave 3			Wave 2			Wave 3
	β	B	SE	β	B	SE	β	B	SE	β	B	SE
Type of care (referent = no care)
Formal care	0.06	2.15	2.65	0.13	4.38	2.21 *	0.15	7.40	3.24 *	0.02	0.82	2.41
Informal care	0.08	4.76	4.46	0.05	2.90	2.84	0.08	5.47	3.35	−0.04	−2.78	3.08
	Behavior Problems (n = 500; 18 months or older at wave 1)
	Wave 2			Wave 3
	β	B	SE	β	B	SE
Type of care (referent = no care)
Formal care	−0.14	−0.37	1.26 **	−0.03	−0.77	1.43
Informal care	−0.10	−4.01	1.69 *	−0.02	−0.68	2.13

^*p < .05

^**p < .01

^***p < .001.

Note. All models controlled for the outcome at the prior wave of assessment. All outcomes were modeled separately. All models controlled for child race, child age, child sex, sexual abuse, physical abuse, physical neglect, supervisory neglect, caregiver age, caregiver mental health, caregiver marital status, number of kids, caregiver poverty status, caregiver education level, and caregiver employment status. First social skills assessment based on Social Skills Rating Scale, second assessment from Vineland Adaptive Socialization Scale. Behavior problems from CBCL.