. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jul 21.

Published in final edited form as: Rev High Ed. 2019 Winter;42(2):385–426. doi: 10.1353/rhe.2019.0001

Table 3.

Probit Models Predicting Propensity to Engage

	Engagement Experience (Treatment)
Variable	Faculty Social		Faculty Academic		Study Group		Clubs
Logged Income	−0.018^*	(0.009)	−0.020^*	(0.009)	−0.013	(0.009)	−0.022^**	(0.011)
Pell Grant ($1000)	0.055^***	(0.014)	0.103^***	(0.015)	0.048^***	(0.014)	0.070^***	(0.016)
Parent College: Two Years	0.036	(0.044)	0.086^*	(0.043)	0.083^*	(0.042)	−0.019	(0.054)
Parent College: Four Years	0.111	(0.071)	0.175^*	(0.072)	0.213^**	(0.068)	0.010	(0.089)
Parent College: Bachelor’s	0.052	(0.049)	0.103^*	(0.049)	0.174^***	(0.047)	0.039	(0.060)
Parent College: Advanced	0.164^*	(0.056)	0.166^**	(0.058)	0.230^***	(0.055)	0.094	(0.068)
Parents Own Home	0.014	(0.043)	−0.051	(0.042)	0.022	(0.040)	0.017	(0.053)
Single Parent	−0.099^**	(0.041)	−0.040	(0.041)	0.065	(0.040)	−0.238^***	(0.051)
Black	0.154^*	(0.051)	0.048	(0.051)	0.121^*	(0.049)	0.124^**	(0.063)
Asian	0.127	(0.088)	0.041	(0.090)	0.111	(0.085)	0.420^***	(0.096)
Other Race	0.164^*	(0.068)	−0.043	(0.067)	0.128	(0.065)	0.021	(0.085)
Hispanic/Latino	0.000	(0.064)	−0.016	(0.063)	−0.005	(0.062)	0.080	(0.079)
Female	−0.075^**	(0.034)	0.043	(0.034)	0.090^**	(0.033)	−0.014	(0.042)
Age	−0.007^**	(0.003)	−0.001	(0.003)	0.003	(0.003)	−0.016^***	(0.005)
Parental Support	0.061	(0.049)	0.144^**	(0.049)	0.165^**	(0.048)	0.096	(0.060)
Married	−0.079	(0.061)	0.029	(0.056)	−0.004	(0.056)	0.030	(0.080)
Children	−0.031	(0.061)	0.125^*	(0.057)	0.009	(0.056)	−0.057	(0.080)
Financially Dependent	−0.031	(0.065)	0.104	(0.062)	−0.079	(0.062)	−0.129	(0.081)
GED	−0.021	(0.054)	−0.017	(0.051)	0.088	(0.050)	0.144^**	(0.067)
High School GPA	0.023	(0.028)	0.025	(0.028)	0.059^*	(0.027)	0.086^**	(0.035)
AP Credit	0.211^*	(0.062)	0.088	(0.067)	0.060	(0.062)	0.159^**	(0.071)
Years Mathematics	0.021	(0.013)	0.011	(0.013)	0.041^**	(0.013)	0.055^***	(0.017)
Public High School	−0.091	(0.059)	−0.099	(0.060)	0.113^*	(0.058)	−0.159^**	(0.069)
Lives on Campus	0.446^***	(0.070)	0.182^*	(0.078)	0.337^***	(0.069)	0.557^***	(0.073)
Full-Time Student	0.130^**	(0.038)	0.224^***	(0.036)	0.250^***	(0.036)	0.408^***	(0.051)
Distance to Home	0.000	(0.000)	0.000	(0.001)	0.001	(0.000)	0.000	(0.001)
Enrollment Size	0.000^**	(0.000)	0.000	(0.000)	0.000	(0.000)	−0.000^***	(0.000)
Percent Minority Enrollment	−0.002^*	(0.001)	−0.003^***	(0.001)	0.001	(0.001)	−0.001	(0.001)
Percent Federal Funding	0.001	(0.001)	0.000	(0.001)	−0.002	(0.001)	0.001	(0.001)
Constant	−0.304	(0.176)	0.400^*	(0.173)	−1.071^***	(0.169)	−1.067^***	(0.223)

Notes: N= 7,010. Standard errors are in parentheses.

p<.05

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