Table A1.
Regression Coefficients for Effect of Engagement Experiences on First-Year Grade Point Average
| Engagement Experience | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Faculty Social |
Clubs |
Study Group |
Clubs |
||||
| Engagement | 0.048* | (0.027) | 0.080*** | (0.028) | 0.044* | (0.025) | 0.065* | (0.035) |
| Logged Income | 0.028*** | (0.007) | 0.020*** | (0.007) | 0.020*** | (0.007) | 0.013** | (0.006) |
| Pell Grant ($) | 0.028*** | (0.011) | 0.031*** | (0.012) | 0.023** | (0.011) | 0.030*** | (0.010) |
| Parent: Up to Two Years | 0.022 | (0.032) | 0.036 | (0.033) | 0.018 | (0.032) | 0.115*** | (0.031) |
| Parent: Up to Four Years | −0.141*** | (0.052) | −0.022 | (0.056) | −0.049 | (0.053) | −0.001 | (0.049) |
| Parent: Bachelor’s degree | −0.046 | (0.036) | −0.044 | (0.038) | −0.018 | (0.036) | 0.056 | (0.035) |
| Parent: Advanced degree | −0.049 | (0.042) | −0.033 | (0.045) | −0.036 | (0.042) | −0.142*** | (0.040) |
| Parents Own Home | −0.013 | (0.031) | −0.058* | (0.033) | −0.032 | (0.031) | −0.000 | (0.030) |
| Single Parent | −0.100*** | (0.030) | −0.106*** | (0.032) | −0.139*** | (0.030) | −0.106*** | (0.029) |
| Black | −0.396*** | (0.038) | −0.429*** | (0.040) | −0.389*** | (0.038) | −0.317*** | (0.036) |
| Asian | 0.101 | (0.065) | −0.055 | (0.068) | 0.019 | (0.065) | 0.125** | (0.062) |
| Other Minority | −0.196*** | (0.049) | −0.196*** | (0.053) | −0.142*** | (0.050) | −0.264*** | (0.047) |
| Hispanic/Latino | −0.018 | (0.047) | −0.029 | (0.051) | −0.079* | (0.048) | 0.140*** | (0.044) |
| Female | 0.176*** | (0.027) | 0.235*** | (0.029) | 0.217*** | (0.027) | 0.120*** | (0.027) |
| Age | 0.016*** | (0.002) | 0.014*** | (0.002) | 0.017*** | (0.002) | 0.026*** | (0.002) |
| Parental Support | −0.025 | (0.036) | −0.043 | (0.039) | −0.078** | (0.037) | −0.175*** | (0.035) |
| Married | 0.251*** | (0.044) | 0.176*** | (0.045) | 0.176*** | (0.043) | 0.225*** | (0.044) |
| Children | −0.065 | (0.044) | −0.078* | (0.045) | −0.074* | (0.043) | −0.038 | (0.043) |
| Financially Dependent | −0.288*** | (0.047) | −0.287*** | (0.049) | −0.278*** | (0.047) | −0.100** | (0.042) |
| GED | −0.178*** | (0.039) | −0.137*** | (0.040) | −0.185*** | (0.038) | −0.283*** | (0.038) |
| High School GPA | 0.226*** | (0.020) | 0.194*** | (0.022) | 0.210*** | (0.021) | 0.242*** | (0.020) |
| AP Credit | 0.068 | (0.047) | 0.084* | (0.050) | 0.049 | (0.048) | −0.052 | (0.045) |
| Years Mathematics | 0.025*** | (0.010) | 0.012 | (0.010) | 0.008 | (0.010) | 0.040*** | (0.009) |
| Public High School | −0.186*** | (0.044) | −0.246*** | (0.048) | −0.263*** | (0.044) | −0.085* | (0.045) |
| Lives On Campus | −0.193*** | (0.058) | −0.035 | (0.061) | −0.194*** | (0.059) | −0.273*** | (0.055) |
| Full-Time Student | −0.000 | (0.027) | −0.029 | (0.029) | 0.057** | (0.028) | 0.244*** | (0.027) |
| Distance to Home | 0.000 | (0.000) | 0.000 | (0.000) | 0.000 | (0.000) | −0.000 | (0.000) |
| Enrollment Size | −0.000 | (0.000) | −0.000*** | (0.000) | −0.000*** | (0.000) | 0.000 | (0.000) |
| Percent Minority Enrollment | 0.000 | (0.001) | 0.001 | (0.001) | 0.001 | (0.001) | 0.001 | (0.001) |
| Percent Federal Funding | −0.002** | (0.001) | −0.001 | (0.001) | −0.001* | (0.001) | −0.002** | (0.001) |
| Humanities | 0.073 | (0.055) | −0.010 | (0.059) | 0.009 | (0.055) | −0.009 | (0.047) |
| Social/Behavioral | 0.193** | (0.076) | 0.002 | (0.084) | 0.073 | (0.076) | 0.153** | (0.061) |
| Life Science | 0.052 | (0.091) | −0.317*** | (0.098) | −0.149* | (0.088) | −0.220*** | (0.078) |
| Physical Science | 0.092 | (0.213) | 0.237 | (0.220) | 0.361* | (0.206) | −0.040 | (0.167) |
| Math | −0.873*** | (0.254) | −0.222 | (0.437) | 0.075 | (0.285) | −0.076 | (0.251) |
| Computer/Information | −0.117* | (0.063) | −0.126* | (0.065) | −0.076 | (0.063) | −0.153*** | (0.057) |
| Engineering | 0.231*** | (0.075) | 0.251*** | (0.070) | 0.222*** | (0.069) | 0.509*** | (0.068) |
| Education | 0.091* | (0.054) | 0.062 | (0.063) | 0.050 | (0.055) | 0.281*** | (0.054) |
| Business/Management | −0.032 | (0.042) | −0.047 | (0.044) | −0.003 | (0.042) | 0.104** | (0.043) |
| Health | 0.059 | (0.038) | 0.039 | (0.040) | 0.028 | (0.037) | 0.212*** | (0.040) |
| Vocational/Technical | 0.179*** | (0.065) | 0.202*** | (0.067) | 0.136** | (0.067) | 0.209*** | (0.071) |
| Other Professional | 0.081* | (0.044) | 0.045 | (0.048) | 0.064 | (0.045) | 0.116*** | (0.042) |
| Hours Worked | −0.005*** | (0.001) | −0.003*** | (0.001) | −0.005*** | (0.001) | −0.005*** | (0.001) |
| Job Related to Major | −0.007 | (0.041) | −0.003 | (0.045) | 0.066 | (0.042) | 0.091** | (0.039) |
| Remedial Courses | −0.023*** | (0.005) | −0.035*** | (0.006) | −0.028*** | (0.005) | −0.076*** | (0.005) |
| Constant | 1.922*** | (0.132) | 2.195*** | (0.140) | 2.132*** | (0.135) | 1.436*** | (0.136) |
| R2 | 0.136 | 0.127 | 0.141 | 0.210 | ||||
N otes: : N= 7,010. The “Engagement” coefficient corresponds to the measure the dataset is matched on. Table displays standard errors in parentheses.
*
p<.1
**
p<.05
***
p<.01