Figure 2.

(A) Foveal epithelial hyperplasia of gastric mucosa, with height of gastric fovea ≥ 0.05–0.55 mm. The cytoplasm and nucleus of the proliferating surface mucous cells showed a hazy basophilic degeneration, and the nucleus volume increased, and was 1 time the volume of normal nucleus, with a small nucleolus available. HE ×100. (B) Proliferative dysfunction of stem cells in the proliferative zone. While there was an insufficient upward migration of the proliferative zone, resulting in a reduction of gastric foveal epithelium, there was an insufficient downward migration of the proliferative zone, resulting in extensive atrophy of the laminar propria glands of the gastric mucosa. HE ×100. (C) There was proliferation and transformation of stem cells in the proliferative zone, the nucleus was prolonged, with mild to moderate atypia, the nuclear chromatin increased, with a small to medium-sized nucleolus visible in approximately 20%~30% of the nucleus. HE ×100. (D) Signet-ring-like heterocysts were 1–2 times the number of cells on the peripheral columnar epithelium in quantity, and their nucleus showed a crescent shape or irregularly oval shape, forming the signet-ring cell carcinoid cells in cytology, HE ×200.