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. 2023 Jul 7;11:1198278. doi: 10.3389/fped.2023.1198278

Table 1.

Demographic characteristics of unique participants and households that tested positive for S. pneumoniae ≥1 times from November 2019–June 2021.

Total participants, N 239
Age at enrollment (years), median (range) 6.1 (0.25–63.2)
Male sex assigned at birtha, N (%) 116 (48.5%)
Race, N (%)
 American Indian/Alaska Native 0 (0%)
 Asian 13 (5.4%)
 Black 1 (0.4%)
 Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander 0 (0%)
 White 189 (79.1%)
 Multiple Racesb 22 (9.2%)
 Unknown 14 (5.9%)
Hispanic ethnicity, N (%) 20 (8.4%)
One or more comorbiditiesc, N (%) 18 (7.5%)
Children aged <18 years (N = 171) 8 (4.7%)
Adults aged 18–64 years (N = 68) 10 (14.7%)
Smokes cigarettesd, N (%) 1 (0.4%)
S. pneumoniae-positive swabs included in analysis, per participante, median (range) 1 (1–11)
Total households, N 151
Household with child aged <5 years, N (%) 103 (68.2%)
Household size, median (range) 4 (3–7)
S. pneumoniae-positive swabs included in analysis per householde, median (range) 1 (1–17)
Households with S. pneumoniae-positive swabs both pre- and post-March 2020, N (%) 29 (19.2%)
a

Sex assigned at birth missing for one participant.

b

Multiple races includes Asian and White (n = 18), White and other (n = 2), Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander and White (n = 1), and Black and White (n = 1).

c

Comorbidities include asthma, bronchitis, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)/ emphysema, diabetes, and heart disease (history of heart attack or heart failure).

d

One participant that reported smoking cigarettes was 38 years of age.

e

Number of S. pneumoniae-positive swabs included in analysis per participant and per household are for the entire study period November 2019–June 2021.