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. 2023 Jun 9;45(4):576–596. doi: 10.1093/plankt/fbad020

Table I.

Definitions of key terms in manuscript. An alphabetical list of definitions for important terms that appear throughout the paper. Terms that end in -troph refer to a type of organism and terms that end in -trophy refer to a specific action taken by an organism. We define both mixoplankton and phago-mixotrophy because they are central to the paper, but for other terms we define the suffix that is most commonly used in the paper. However, both suffixes may be used for any appropriate term. Definitions for CM, eSNCM, GNCM, NCM, and pSNCM come from Mitra et al., (2016) and the definition for mixoplankton comes from Flynn et al., (2019)

Term Definition
Autotroph An organism capable of generating its own food
Auxotroph An organism that cannot synthesize a biomolecule essential for their growth, i.e. vitamins
Constitutive mixoplankton (CM) Mixoplankton that inherently have chloroplasts
Endosymbiotic specialist NCM (eSNCM) Mixoplankton that harbor endosymbionts necessary for growth
Generalist NCM (GNCM) Mixoplankton that can utilize chloroplasts acquired from a range of prey via kleptoplasty
Heterotroph An organism that obtains nutrients from an outside, organic source for growth and reproduction
Kleptoplasty The transient retention of functional prey plastids by a mixotrophic consumer
Mixoplankton A protistan plankton that utilizes photoautotrophy and phagotrophy for growth
Osmotrophy The act of taking up dissolved organic compounds via osmosis to acquire energy for growth
Phago-mixotrophy The act of simultaneously utilizing photoautotrophy and phagotrophy for growth as opposed to osmo-mixotrophy, which is the act of simultaneously utilizing photoautotrophy and osmotrophy for growth
Non-constitutive mixoplankton (NCM) Mixoplankton that lack their own chloroplasts
Phagotrophy The act of ingesting prey via phagocytosis to acquire energy for growth
Photoautotrophy The act of utilizing light to generate energy for growth, typically via photosynthesis
Plastidic specialist NCM (pSNCM) Mixoplankton that can utilize chloroplasts acquired from select prey via kleptoplasty