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. 2023 Feb 13;38(9):2225–2228. doi: 10.1007/s11606-023-08081-y

Table 1.

Sample Characteristics and Multivariable Logistic Regression Model Associating Hospital Characteristics with PFAC presence

Organizational characteristics All hospitals Hospitals without PFACs Hospitals with PFACs Adjusted odds ratio of PFAC presence
(95% confidence interval)		 p-value
% N
(%)		 N
(%)
Total 100%

1734

(48%)

1882

(52%)

 - -
Hospital size
 < 100 beds 51.9%

1152

(66.4%)

724

(38.5%)

 Reference -
100–300 beds 29.5%

412

(23.8%)

655

(34.8%)

1.9

(1.5–2.3)

  < 0.001
300–500 beds 10.8%

118

(6.8%)

272

(14.5%)

2.3

(1.7–3.1)

  < 0.001
 > 500 beds 7.8%

52

(3%)

231

(12.2%)

4.4

(2.9–6.8)

  < 0.001
Ownership structure
Private, non-profit 62.3%

891

(51.4%)

1364

(72.5%)

 Reference -
Private, for-profit 18%

453

(26.1%)

198

(10.5%)

0.7

(0.6–0.93)

 0.01
Government, non-federal 18.9%

384

(22.1%)

298

(15.8%)

0.9

(0.7–1.1)

 0.4
Government, federal 0.8%

6

(0.3%)

22

(1.2%)

2.5

(0.9–6.4)

 0.07
General vs. specialty hospitala
Specialty hospital 17.5%

433

(25%)

199

(10.6%)

 Reference -
General medical and surgical hospital 82.5%

1301

(75%)

1683

(89.4%)

1.8

(1.4–2.3)

  < 0.001
Pediatric specific hospital
Non-pediatric only hospital 97.7%

1703

(98.2%)

1830

(97.2%)

 Reference
Pediatric hospital 2.3%

31

(1.8%)

52

(2.8%)

2.2

(1.4–3.5)

  < 0.001
Core-based statistical area
Metropolitan 67.6%

1081

(62.3%)

1365

(72.5%)

 Reference -
Micropolitan 14.9%

283

(16.3%)

257

(13.7%)

0.99

(0.8–1.3)

 0.94
Rural 17.4%

370

(21.4%)

260

(13.8%)

0.95

(0.7–1.2)

 0.70
System membership
Non-member 29.8%

610

(35.2%)

468

(24.9%)

 Reference -
Health system member 70.2%

1124

(64.8%)

1414

(75.1%)

1.4

(1.2–1.7)

  < 0.001
Critical access designation
Non-designee 77.2%

1261

(72.7%)

1531

(81.3%)

 Reference -
Critical access hospital 22.8

473

(27.3%)

351

(18.7%)

0.9

(0.7–1.1)

 0.3
Member of the Council of Teaching Hospitals (COTH)
Non-member 93.5%

1696

(97.8%)

1684

(89.5%)

 Reference -
Member of the COTH 6.5%

38

(2.2%)

198

(10.5%)

1.6

(1.01–2.5)

 0.04

Abbreviation: PFAC, patient and family advisory council

Multivariable regression model includes all independent variables provided in the table as well as indicator variables for all US states. Results for each state are not reported in the table for clarity of presentation

aHospitals were provided a choice to indicate the type of service offered to a majority of the patients they served. These choices included general medical and surgical, as well as psychiatric, heart, orthopedic, and cancer among other non-general types