. 2023 May 10;72(8):2757–2768. doi: 10.1007/s00262-023-03458-8

Table 1.

Diagnostic performance of multi-panel biomarkers and CA19-9 for pancreatic adenocarcinoma in development cohort

Marker	Sensitivity (95% CI)	Specificity (95% CI)	Accuracy (95% CI)	PPV (95% CI)	NPV (95% CI)	Classic FNR^† (95% CI)	AUC (95% CI)	p-value^‡
CT	48.0 (34.2–61.8)	100.0 (100.0–100.0)	90.4 (86.9–93.9)	100.0 (100.0–100.0)	89.5 (85.7–93.3)	52.0 (38.2–65.8)	74.0 (67.0–81.0)	< .0001
CA19-9	76.0 (64.2–87.8)	82.2 (76.9–87.5)	81.0 (76.1–85.8)	51.4 (40.0–62.7)	93.3 (89.6–96.9)	24.0 (12.2–35.8)	79.1 (72.6–85.6)	0.2795
IL-7R	66.0 (52.9–79.1)	56.8 (50.2–63.3)	58.5 (52.6–64.3)	25.6 (18.1–33.1)	88.1 (82.8–93.4)	34.0 (20.9–47.1)	61.4 (54.0–68.8)	0.0217
PLD4	90.0 (81.7–98.3)	52.3 (45.7–58.8)	59.2 (53.4–65.0)	29.8 (22.5–37.1)	95.9 (92.3–99.4)	10.0 (1.7–18.3)	71.1 (65.8–76.5)	0.3618
ID3	62.0 (48.5–75.5)	71.6 (65.7–77.6)	69.9 (64.4–75.3)	33.0 (23.5–42.5)	89.3 (84.8–93.9)	38.0 (24.5–51.5)	66.8 (59.4–74.2)	0.0107
Biomarker panel	84.0 (73.8–94.2)	78.8 (73.5–84.2)	79.8 (75.0–84.6)	47.2 (36.8–57.6)	95.6 (92.7–98.6)	16.0 (5.8–26.2)	81.4 (75.6–87.2)	Reference

Marker

Sensitivity
(95% CI)

Specificity
(95% CI)

Accuracy
(95% CI)

PPV
(95% CI)

NPV
(95% CI)

Classic FNR^†
(95% CI)

AUC
(95% CI)

p-value^‡

48.0

(34.2–61.8)

100.0

(100.0–100.0)

90.4

(86.9–93.9)

100.0

(100.0–100.0)

89.5

(85.7–93.3)

52.0

(38.2–65.8)

74.0

(67.0–81.0)

< .0001

CA19-9

76.0

(64.2–87.8)

82.2

(76.9–87.5)

81.0

(76.1–85.8)

51.4

(40.0–62.7)

93.3

(89.6–96.9)

24.0

(12.2–35.8)

79.1

(72.6–85.6)

0.2795

IL-7R

66.0

(52.9–79.1)

56.8

(50.2–63.3)

58.5

(52.6–64.3)

25.6

(18.1–33.1)

88.1

(82.8–93.4)

34.0

(20.9–47.1)

61.4

(54.0–68.8)

0.0217

PLD4

90.0

(81.7–98.3)

52.3

(45.7–58.8)

59.2

(53.4–65.0)

29.8

(22.5–37.1)

95.9

(92.3–99.4)

10.0

(1.7–18.3)

71.1

(65.8–76.5)

0.3618

ID3

62.0

(48.5–75.5)

71.6

(65.7–77.6)

69.9

(64.4–75.3)

33.0

(23.5–42.5)

89.3

(84.8–93.9)

38.0

(24.5–51.5)

66.8

(59.4–74.2)

0.0107

Biomarker panel

84.0

(73.8–94.2)

78.8

(73.5–84.2)

79.8

(75.0–84.6)

47.2

(36.8–57.6)

95.6

(92.7–98.6)

16.0

(5.8–26.2)

81.4

(75.6–87.2)

Reference

Values are % (95% confidence interval)

Cut-off points: CA19-9 > 37.0, IL-7R > 1025.40733, PLD4 < 18.8693, ID3 > 8.7021, Multi-panel > 0.22016

CT, computed tomography; PPV, positive predictive value; NPV, negative predictive value; FNR, false negative rate; AUC, area under curve; CA19-9, carbohydrate antigen 19–9; IL-7R, interleukin-7 receptor, PLD4, phospholipase D4; ID3, inhibitor of DNA binding 3

^†, Classic FNR calculated False Negative/(True Positive + False Negative)

^‡, p−value compared with multi−panel biomarker for FNR