. 2023 May 10;72(8):2757–2768. doi: 10.1007/s00262-023-03458-8

Table 2.

Diagnostic performance of multi-panel biomarkers and CA19-9 for pancreatic adenocarcinoma in validation cohort

Marker	Sensitivity (95% CI)	Specificity (95% CI)	Accuracy (95% CI)	PPV (95% CI)	NPV (95% CI)	Classic FNR^† (95% CI)	AUC (95% CI)	p-value^‡
CT	56.6 (45.4–67.7)	100.0 (100.0–100.0)	78.8 (72.4–85.3)	100.0 (100.0–100.0)	70.8 (62.4–79.2)	43.4 (32.3–54.6)	78.3 (72.7–83.9)	0.0004
CA19-9	68.4 (58.0–78.9)	77.5 (68.3–86.7)	73.1 (66.1–80.0)	74.3 (64.0–84.5)	72.1 (62.6–81.6)	31.6 (21.1–42.0)	73.0 (66.0–80.0)	0.0658
IL-7R	52.6 (41.4–63.9)	52.5 (41.6–63.4)	52.6 (44.7–60.4)	51.3 (40.2–62.4)	53.8 (42.8–64.9)	47.4 (36.1–58.6)	52.6 (44.7–60.5)	0.0001
PLD4	75.0 (65.3–84.7)	34.2 (23.7–44.6)	54.2 (46.3–62.0)	52.3 (42.9–61.7)	58.7 (44.5–72.9)	25.0 (15.3–34.7)	54.6 (47.4–61.8)	0.3141
ID3	50.0 (38.8–61.2)	47.5 (36.6–58.4)	48.7 (40.9–56.6)	47.5 (36.6–58.4)	50.0 (38.8–61.2)	50.0 (38.8–61.2)	51.3 (43.4–59.1)	< .0001
Biomarker panel	80.3 (71.3–89.2)	78.8 (69.8–87.7)	79.5 (73.2–85.8)	78.2 (69.0–87.4)	80.8 (72.0–89.5)	19.7 (10.8–28.7)	79.5 (73.1–85.9)	Reference

Marker

Sensitivity
(95% CI)

Specificity
(95% CI)

Accuracy
(95% CI)

PPV
(95% CI)

NPV
(95% CI)

Classic FNR^†
(95% CI)

AUC
(95% CI)

p-value^‡

56.6

(45.4–67.7)

100.0

(100.0–100.0)

78.8

(72.4–85.3)

100.0

(100.0–100.0)

70.8

(62.4–79.2)

43.4

(32.3–54.6)

78.3

(72.7–83.9)

0.0004

CA19-9

68.4

(58.0–78.9)

77.5

(68.3–86.7)

73.1

(66.1–80.0)

74.3

(64.0–84.5)

72.1

(62.6–81.6)

31.6

(21.1–42.0)

73.0

(66.0–80.0)

0.0658

IL-7R

52.6

(41.4–63.9)

52.5

(41.6–63.4)

52.6

(44.7–60.4)

51.3

(40.2–62.4)

53.8

(42.8–64.9)

47.4

(36.1–58.6)

52.6

(44.7–60.5)

0.0001

PLD4

75.0

(65.3–84.7)

34.2

(23.7–44.6)

54.2

(46.3–62.0)

52.3

(42.9–61.7)

58.7

(44.5–72.9)

25.0

(15.3–34.7)

54.6

(47.4–61.8)

0.3141

ID3

50.0

(38.8–61.2)

47.5

(36.6–58.4)

48.7

(40.9–56.6)

47.5

(36.6–58.4)

50.0

(38.8–61.2)

50.0

(38.8–61.2)

51.3

(43.4–59.1)

< .0001

Biomarker panel

80.3

(71.3–89.2)

78.8

(69.8–87.7)

79.5

(73.2–85.8)

78.2

(69.0–87.4)

80.8

(72.0–89.5)

19.7

(10.8–28.7)

79.5

(73.1–85.9)

Reference

Values are % (95% confidence interval)

Cut-off points: CA19-9 > 37.0, IL-7R > 1025.40733, PLD4 < 18.8693, ID3 > 8.7021, Multi-panel > 0.22016

PPV, positive predictive value; NPV, negative predictive value; FNR, false negative rate; AUC, area under curve; CA19-9, carbohydrate antigen 19–9; IL-7R, interleukin-7 receptor, PLD4, phospholipase D4; ID3, inhibitor of DNA binding 3

^†,Classic FNR calculated False Negative/(True Positive + False Negative)

^‡, p−value compared with multi−panel biomarker for FNR