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. 2023 Jul 21;80(8):220. doi: 10.1007/s00018-023-04852-2

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© The Author(s) 2023

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Fig. 3 — CRISPR-Cas9 Base editing systems. Schematic representation of CRISPR-Cas9 base editing. Cytidine (CBE) and adenosine (ABE) base editing systems both employ a Cas9 nickase (or a catalytically inactive (dead) Cas9, dCas9) respectively fused to a cytidine and adenosine deaminase. In panel A are summarized the reactions catalyzed by the two deaminases. (Panel B) ABE determines the change of an adenosine (A) into a guanosine (G), while CBE (Panel C) mediates the conversion of a cytidine (C) into a thymidine (T)