Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study participants.
| Characteristics | N |
|---|---|
| Age, years (SD) | 67.4 ± 9.8 |
| Male, n (%) | 94 (90.38) |
| Smoking status, n (%) | |
| Never smoker | 17 (16.35) |
| Ex-smoker | 64 (61.54) |
| Current-smoker | 23 (22.12) |
| Smoking history (pack-year), mean (SD) | 33.73 ± 23.33 |
| mMRC, n (%) | |
| Grade 1 | 62 (59.62) |
| Grade 2 | 12 (11.54) |
| Grade 3 | 16 (15.38) |
| Grade 4 | 14 (13.46) |
| Acute exacerbation history last year | 38 (36.54) |
| Inhaler usage, n (%) | |
| ICS + LABA | 21 (20.19) |
| LAMA + LABA | 33 (31.73) |
| LAMA + LABA + ICS | 39 (37.5) |
| LABA + LAMA + SABA | 3 (2.88) |
| ICS + LABA + LAMA + SABA | 2 (1.92) |
| LAMA + SABA | 1 (0.96) |
| LAMA | 2 (1.92) |
| ICS + LAMA | 1 (0.96) |
| Others | 2 (1.92) |
| Lung function, mean (SD) | |
| PreBD FEV1, L (% predicted) | 1.57 ± 0.54 (52.69 ± 17.11) |
| PreBD FVC, L (% predicted) | 3.30 ± 0.84 (79.64 ± 16.27) |
| PostBD FEV1, L (% predicted) | 1.62 ± 0.56 (54.53 ± 16.64) |
| PostBD FVC, L (% predicted) | 3.28 ± 0.86 (80.52 ± 14.48) |
| CAT score, mean (SD) | 17.04 ± 8.65 |
| SGRQ total, mean (SD) | 38.43 ± 2.45 |
| R5-R20 (SD) | 0.18 ± 0.03 |
SD standard deviation, mMRC Modified Medical Research Council, ICS inhaled corticosteroid, LABA long-acting beta 2 agonist, BD bronchodilator, FEV1 forced expiratory volume in one second, FVC forced vital capacity, CAT COPD assessment test.
SGRQ St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire, R5 resistance at 5 Hz, R20 resistance at 20 Hz.