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. 2023 Jul 21;13:11783. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-39071-z

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Testing of putative inhibitors in cell-based based virus replication assays. (a) None of the tested substances show an antiviral effect against SARS-CoV-2 on Vero CCL81 cells. Substances were added for ½ h before infection of each well with 12 PFU SARS-CoV-2. The cell culture supernatant was harvested after 48 h, followed by RNA-extraction and qRT-PCR for the nucleocapsid target (N1 primer). Chloroquine was used as a control substance^31,32. ∆Ct values were calculated for better comparability by subtracting the Ct-value of the infected samples without substance pre-treatment from the infected samples with substance pre-treatment n = 6. (b) Fusidic acid and flufenamic acid show inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication on Caco-2 cells. Cells were pretreated with the respective substance for 1/2 h, followed by SARS-CoV-2 infection (MOI: 0.825). The supernatant was harvested after 48 h followed by RNA extraction and qRT-PCR analysis (N2 primer).