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. 2023 Jul 21;14:4409. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-40039-w

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — Source data are provided as a Source Data file. a Bodyweight (g) of mice fed on diets with fat sourced from either soy oil (S) or lard (L) and carbohydrate sourced from monosaccharide fructose (100% fructose (Fru)) (F100S (n = 28) or F100L (n = 16)) or glucose (100% glucose (Glc)) (G100S (n = 16) or G100L (n = 12)) or a 1:1 combination (50% fructose and 50% glucose) (F50G50S (n = 16) or F50G50L (n = 12)). *P < 0.05, ****P < 0.0001 (P < 0.0001 for G100S versus G50F50S, P < 0.0001 for G50F50S versus F100S, P = 0.0484 for G100L versus G50F50L, P < 0.0001 for G50F50L versus F100L) for two-way ANOVA (Tukey–Kramer post hoc test) between indicated diets. Mean + s.e.m. b Per cent fat mass of mice fed on experimental diets at weeks 12–14. The numbers of animals for G100S, G100L, F50G50S, F50G50L, F100S and F100L were 16, 12, 16, 12, 28 and 16, respectively. ns = not significant, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.005 (P = 0.0356 for G100S versus G50F50S, P = 0.0019 for G50F50S versus F100S, P = 0.0045 for G50F50L versus F100L) for two-way ANOVA (Tukey–Kramer post hoc test). Mean + s.e.m. ns = not significant. Each symbol () represents an individual mouse. c Lean mass of mice fed on experimental diets at weeks 12–14. The numbers of animals for G100S, G100L, F50G50S, F50G50L, F100S and F100L were 16, 12, 16, 12, 28 and 16, respectively. No significant difference was reported from two-way ANOVA (Tukey–Kramer post hoc test). Mean + s.e.m. Each symbol () represents an individual mouse. d Average energy intake (kJ per mouse per cage per day; n = 3–7 cages per diet) of mice fed on experimental diets at weeks 12–14. The numbers of cages for G100S, G100L, F50G50S, F50G50L, F100S and F100L were 4, 3, 4, 3, 7 and 4, respectively. No significant difference was reported from two-way ANOVA (Tukey–Kramer post hoc test). Mean + s.e.m. Each symbol () represents an individual cage.

Inline graphic — Source data are provided as a Source Data file. a Bodyweight (g) of mice fed on diets with fat sourced from either soy oil (S) or lard (L) and carbohydrate sourced from monosaccharide fructose (100% fructose (Fru)) (F100S (n = 28) or F100L (n = 16)) or glucose (100% glucose (Glc)) (G100S (n = 16) or G100L (n = 12)) or a 1:1 combination (50% fructose and 50% glucose) (F50G50S (n = 16) or F50G50L (n = 12)). *P < 0.05, ****P < 0.0001 (P < 0.0001 for G100S versus G50F50S, P < 0.0001 for G50F50S versus F100S, P = 0.0484 for G100L versus G50F50L, P < 0.0001 for G50F50L versus F100L) for two-way ANOVA (Tukey–Kramer post hoc test) between indicated diets. Mean + s.e.m. b Per cent fat mass of mice fed on experimental diets at weeks 12–14. The numbers of animals for G100S, G100L, F50G50S, F50G50L, F100S and F100L were 16, 12, 16, 12, 28 and 16, respectively. ns = not significant, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.005 (P = 0.0356 for G100S versus G50F50S, P = 0.0019 for G50F50S versus F100S, P = 0.0045 for G50F50L versus F100L) for two-way ANOVA (Tukey–Kramer post hoc test). Mean + s.e.m. ns = not significant. Each symbol () represents an individual mouse. c Lean mass of mice fed on experimental diets at weeks 12–14. The numbers of animals for G100S, G100L, F50G50S, F50G50L, F100S and F100L were 16, 12, 16, 12, 28 and 16, respectively. No significant difference was reported from two-way ANOVA (Tukey–Kramer post hoc test). Mean + s.e.m. Each symbol () represents an individual mouse. d Average energy intake (kJ per mouse per cage per day; n = 3–7 cages per diet) of mice fed on experimental diets at weeks 12–14. The numbers of cages for G100S, G100L, F50G50S, F50G50L, F100S and F100L were 4, 3, 4, 3, 7 and 4, respectively. No significant difference was reported from two-way ANOVA (Tukey–Kramer post hoc test). Mean + s.e.m. Each symbol () represents an individual cage.