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. 2023 Jul 6;9(7):e17936. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17936

Table 3.

Chi-square output for the association between DHL levels and use of COVID-19 information platforms.

Platforms DHL Levels
Chi-square p
Inadequate DHL problematic DHL sufficient DHL
Search engine High Use 651 (74.3)a 156 (69.3) 117 (40.2) 114.92 <.001
low use 225 (25.7) 69 (30.7) 174 (59.8)
Websites of public bodies High Use 360 (41.1) 126 (56.0) 222 (76.3) 111.08 <.001
low use 516 (58.9) 99 (44.0) 69 (23.7)
Wikipedia High Use 411 (46.9) 99 (44.0) 66 (22.7) 53.66 <.001
low use 465 (53.1) 126 (56.0) 225 (77.3)
Social media High Use 471 (53.8) 123 (54.7) 69 (23.7) 84.44 <.001
low use 405 (46.2) 102 (45.3) 222 (76.3)
Youtube High Use 462 (52.7) 105 (46.7) 78 (26.8) 59.10 <.001
low use 414 (47.3) 120 (53.3) 213 (73.2)
Blogs on health topics High Use 423 (48.3) 84 (37.3) 69 (23.7) 56.20 <.001
low use 453 (51.7) 141 (62.7) 222 (76.3)
WhatsApp High Use 459 (52.4) 90 (40.0) 87 (29.9) 48.07 <.001
low use 417 (47.6) 135 (60.0) 204 (70.1)
Health portals High Use 438 (50.0) 150 (66.7) 231 (79.4) 84.65 <.001
low use 438 (50.0) 75 (33.3) 60 (20.6)
Websites of doctors High Use 453 (51.7) 141 (62.7) 225 (77.3) 60.77 <.001
low use 423 (48.3) 84 (37.3) 66 (22.7)
News portal High Use 471 (53.8) 105 (46.7) 93 (32.0) 41.83 <.001
low use 405 (46.2) 120 (53.3) 198 (68.0)
a

% within categories of DHL; df = 2.