. 2023 Jul 7;7:100541. doi: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100541

Table 1.

Physicochemical properties, skin color, and textural properties of chitosan-coated North American pawpaw (Asimina triloba) fruits of the Susquehanna cultivar during a 25-day storage at 6 °C.

Treatment	Day	pH	Titratable Acidity (mg of acetic acid/100 ml)	Total soluble solids (Brix)	Moisture loss (%)	L*	a*	b*	Chroma	ΔE	Hardness (kg)	Cohesiveness ratio (%)
Control	0	6.23 ± 0.49 ^aA	101.42 ± 16.67 ^aA	24.09 ± 2.82 ^aA	0.00 ± 0.00^bF	45.75 ± 1.43 ^aA	−9.56 ± 0.44 ^cA	19.86 ± 1.06 ^aA	22.07 ± 0.79 ^aA	0.00 ± 0.00 ^dB	5.4 ± 0.7 ^aA	29.76 ± 2.96 ^bD
	5	5.84 ± 0.61 ^aA	168.15 ± 40.03 ^aA	24.94 ± 5.77 ^aA	7.20 ± 0.52^aAB	41.69 ± 1.52 ^bA	−5.71 ± 1.07 ^bA	17.43 ± 2.27 ^aA	18.41 ± 2.11 ^bA	7.03 ± 1.42 ^cAB	3.8 ± 0.8 ^abAB	31.98 ± 2.16 ^bCD
	10	5.79 ± 0.78 ^aA	130.78 ± 30.31 ^aA	24.73 ± 2.98 ^aA	7.20 ± 0.52 ^aAB	35.99 ± 1.47 ^cA	−1.15 ± 2.00 ^aA	10.99 ± 0.40 ^bA	11.23 ± 0.48 ^cA	15.73 ± 3.06 ^bAB	2.5 ± 1.4 ^bB	44.31 ± 3.66 ^aABCD
	15	5.65 ± 0.54 ^aA	136.12 ± 42.37 ^aA	18.94 ± 7.21 ^aA	7.62 ± 0.25 ^aA	32.42 ± 0.73 ^dA	1.34 ± 1.08 ^aA	6.22 ± 1.18 ^cA	6.56 ± 1.23 ^dA	22.10 ± 1.19 ^aAB	2.4 ± 0.6 ^bB	44.56 ± 6.04 ^aABC
1% Chitosan	0	6.20 ± 0.69 ^aA	106.76 ± 12.23 ^aA	23.64 ± 1.16 ^aA	0.00 ± 0.00 ^dF	50.92 ± 3.94 ^aA	−8.00 ± 5.35 ^aA	24.90 ± 4.02 ^aA	26.55 ± 5.10 ^aA	0.00 ± 0.00 ^aB	4.5 ± 1.3 ^aAB	34.56 ± 7.72 ^bCD
	5	6.06 ± 0.13 ^aA	112.10 ± 13.87 ^aA	22.96 ± 1.52 ^aA	3.78 ± 0.70 ^cE	44.16 ± 10.04 ^aA	−4.68 ± 7.87 ^aA	19.68 ± 10.04^aA	21.19 ± 10.65^aA	11.12 ± 8.46 ^aAB	4.2 ± 0.4 ^aAB	35.86 ± 4.01 ^bBCD
	10	5.61 ± 0.30 ^aA	117.44 ± 20.15 ^aA	24.09 ± 3.82 ^aA	4.45 ± 0.30 ^bcCDE	37.60 ± 10.47 ^aA	−1.84 ± 7.11 ^aA	13.60 ± 11.39^aA	15.05 ± 11.41^aA	19.48 ± 11.30 ^aAB	3.1 ± 1.2 ^aAB	37.37 ± 5.48 ^bABCD
	15	5.56 ± 0.32 ^aA	114.77 ± 12.23 ^aA	22.29 ± 3.00 ^aA	5.61 ± 0.51^abBCD	36.83 ± 9.56 ^aA	−0.38 ± 7.00 ^aA	11.68 ± 10.02^aA	13.20 ± 10.05^aA	21.88 ± 10.53 ^aAB	2.7 ± 1.0 ^aB	44.06 ± 5.27 ^abABCD
	20	5.75 ± 0.74 ^aA	98.75 ± 32.36 ^aA	22.04 ± 0.69 ^aA	5.76 ± 0.26 ^abBCD	35.08 ± 9.93 ^aA	0.00 ± 6.22 ^aA	8.28 ± 10.12 ^aA	10.11 ± 9.94 ^aA	24.59 ± 13.53 ^aA	2.4 ± 0.9 ^aB	51.80 ± 0.65 ^aA
	25	5.57 ± 0.61 ^aA	114.77 ± 25.74 ^aA	22.88 ± 1.81 ^aA	6.94 ± 0.86 ^aAB	35.30 ± 10.03 ^aA	−0.19 ± 6.24 ^aA	8.31 ± 10.89 ^aA	10.17 ± 10.68^aA	25.00 ± 13.21 ^aA	2.0 ± 0.2 ^aB	51.74 ± 0.89 ^aA
2% Chitosan	0	6.36 ± 0.47 ^aA	122.77 ± 25.74 ^aA	26.29 ± 2.72 ^aA	0.00 ± 0.00 ^cF	50.89 ± 5.15 ^aA	−9.95 ± 5.19 ^aA	23.34 ± 3.55 ^aA	26.16 ± 4.33 ^aA	0.00 ± 0.00 ^bB	4.2 ± 0.3 ^aAB	32.62 ± 4.73 ^bCD
	5	6.26 ± 0.60 ^aA	104.09 ± 0.00 ^aA	18.17 ± 2.89 ^bA	4.12 ± 1.09 ^bDE	51.20 ± 2.89 ^aA	−11.70 ± 1.95 ^aA	24.33 ± 2.17 ^aA	27.02 ± 2.79 ^aA	5.54 ± 2.90 ^abAB	4.1 ± 0.8 ^aAB	34.61 ± 3.43 ^bCD
	10	6.28 ± 0.67 ^aA	109.43 ± 23.11 ^aA	23.44 ± 0.52 ^abA	4.27 ± 0.13 ^bCDE	48.29 ± 5.50 ^aA	−9.56 ± 3.39 ^aA	20.93 ± 4.65 ^aA	23.07 ± 5.60 ^aA	9.18 ± 2.26 ^abAB	3.6 ± 1.5 ^abAB	34.44 ± 10.33 ^bCD
	15	6.00 ± 0.81 ^aA	101.42 ± 64.72 ^aA	23.08 ± 2.24 ^abA	5.61 ± 0.94 ^abBCD	47.15 ± 6.66 ^aA	−7.88 ± 4.00 ^aA	19.70 ± 5.62 ^aA	21.30 ± 6.69 ^aA	9.06 ± 3.22 ^abAB	2.7 ± 0.1 ^abB	43.60 ± 3.96 ^abABCD
	20	5.72 ± 0.46 ^aA	88.08 ± 36.69 ^aA	24.84 ± 3.93 ^abA	6.01 ± 0.63 ^abABC	42.10 ± 9.83 ^aA	−4.42 ± 6.55 ^aA	14.07 ± 9.11 ^aA	15.09 ± 10.62 ^aA	15.58 ± 8.52 ^aAB	1.9 ± 0.2 ^abB	50.22 ± 4.10 ^abAB
	25	5.34 ± 0.11 ^aA	165.48 ± 28.12 ^aA	24.21 ± 2.03 ^abA	6.86 ± 0.79 ^aAB	39.99 ± 9.69 ^aA	−2.93 ± 7.02 ^aA	11.86 ± 10.37 ^aA	13.01 ± 11.42 ^aA	18.85 ± 9.64 ^aAB	2.6 ± 0.6 ^bB	42.42 ± 1.68 ^aABCD

Control fruits showed the presence of mold growth on the fruit skin after day 15, hence, they were not analyzed after day 15.

Means for the parameters in each treatment that do not share a superscript are significantly different at p ≤ 0.05.

Lowercase superscripts represent statistical differences within treatment groups for the respective treatments and uppercase superscripts represent statistical differences between all treatment groups at p ≤ 0.05.