. 2023 Jul 7;7:100541. doi: 10.1016/j.crfs.2023.100541

Table 4.

Physicochemical properties, skin color, and textural properties of freshness paper treated and sodium alginate-coated mixed North American pawpaw (Asimina triloba) fruits of various cultivars during a 25-day storage at 4 °C.

Treatment	Day	pH	Titratable Acidity (mg of acetic acid/100 ml)	Total soluble solids (Brix)	Moisture loss (%)	L*	a*	b*	Chroma	ΔE	Hardness (kg)	Cohesiveness ratio (%)
Control	0	6.52 ± 0.21 ^aABC	58.72 ± 16.67 ^aA	23.48 ± 2.09 ^aA	0.00 ± 0.00 ^cH	46.83 ± 4.62 ^aA	−3.65 ± 1.57 ^aA	25.07 ± 2.57 ^aA	25.44 ± 2.65 ^aA	0.00 ± 0.00 ^cC	4.8 ± 1.2 ^aAB	42.36 ± 16.20 ^aA
	5	6.07 ± 0.30 ^aABCD	82.74 ± 12.23 ^aA	23.49 ± 4.55 ^aA	1.35 ± 1.05 ^cGH	41.19 ± 2.59 ^aA	−1.15 ± 0.77 ^aA	16.69 ± 9.67 ^aA	17.32 ± 9.12 ^aA	9.99 ± 0.77 ^bABC	3.9 ± 0.9 ^aABC	35.70 ± 9.41 ^aA
	10	6.01 ± 0.41 ^aABCD	77.40 ± 37.84 ^aA	25.81 ± 3.62 ^aA	6.55 ± 0.61 ^bBCDE	39.24 ± 6.82 ^aA	−0.44 ± 3.87 ^aA	15.71 ± 6.14 ^aA	16.28 ± 5.19 ^aA	11.61 ± 2.14 ^bABC	3.1 ± 1.0 ^aABC	52.69 ± 0.84 ^aA
	15	5.90 ± 0.60 ^aABCD	82.74 ± 33.34 ^aA	18.57 ± 7.12 ^aA	9.99 ± 0.90 ^aB	38.31 ± 4.41 ^aA	1.63 ± 1.96 ^aA	15.70 ± 5.46 ^aA	16.09 ± 6.35 ^aA	18.85 ± 2.80 ^aAB	2.8 ± 0.2 ^aABC	46.05 ± 6.78 ^aA
Freshness paper	0	6.44 ± 0.11 ^aABCD	64.06 ± 8.01 ^aA	23.14 ± 2.60 ^aA	0.00 ± 0.00 ^bH	42.50 ± 2.28 ^aA	1.39 ± 0.86 ^aA	19.76 ± 2.69 ^aA	20.02 ± 2.69 ^aA	0.00 ± 0.00 ^bC	2.9 ± 0.1 ^aABC	43.47 ± 6.65 ^aA
	5	6.20 ± 0.14 ^aABCD	58.72 ± 16.67 ^aA	20.27 ± 1.33 ^aA	1.55 ± 0.42 ^bFGH	42.48 ± 5.49 ^aA	−1.49 ± 3.86 ^aA	14.62 ± 8.71 ^aA	19.50 ± 7.96 ^aA	9.88 ± 2.90 ^abABC	2.7 ± 0.1 ^aABC	46.90 ± 1.99 ^aA
	10	6.09 ± 0.51 ^aABCD	66.72 ± 36.11 ^aA	23.97 ± 0.96 ^aA	4.73 ± 0.97 ^aDEFG	42.15 ± 6.65 ^aA	−0.94 ± 4.29 ^aA	18.92 ± 7.98 ^aA	15.23 ± 9.25 ^aA	13.96 ± 7.83 ^aAB	2.8 ± 1.3 ^aABC	41.73 ± 0.52 ^aA
	15	5.76 ± 0.14 ^aBCD	77.40 ± 9.25 ^aA	23.13 ± 2.70 ^aA	6.01 ± 1.61 ^aBCDEF	36.98 ± 5.53 ^aA	1.84 ± 1.94 ^aA	13.19 ± 6.96 ^aA	14.02 ± 6.87 ^aA	16.93 ± 3.27 ^a	2.5 ± 0.9 ^aABC	47.34 ± 6.71 ^aA
0.001% Alginate	0	6.53 ± 0.06 ^aABC	56.05 ± 16.01 ^aA	22.77 ± 3.42 ^abA	0.00 ± 0.00 ^dH	46.44 ± 4.90 ^aA	−4.50 ± 6.01 ^aA	23.49 ± 5.23 ^aA	24.48 ± 6.03 ^aA	0.00 ± 0.00 ^cC	4.1 ± 1.3 ^aABC	39.47 ± 8.10 ^aA
	5	6.32 ± 0.33 ^abABCD	64.06 ± 0.20 ^aA	20.62 ± 0.73 ^bA	2.27 ± 0.92 ^cdEFGH	45.05 ± 5.02 ^aA	−3.66 ± 5.09 ^aA	23.50 ± 4.61 ^aA	24.20 ± 5.39 ^abA	8.27 ± 1.79 ^bcBC	2.3 ± 0.3 ^aBC	50.92 ± 8.08 ^aA
	10	6.25 ± 0.39 ^abABCD	58.72 ± 23.11 ^aA	24.30 ± 1.80 ^abA	5.88 ± 1.24 ^bcBCDEFG	42.29 ± 6.32 ^aA	1.58 ± 2.60 ^aA	13.17 ± 9.13 ^abA	19.01 ± 8.26 ^abA	15.92 ± 1.76 ^abAB	2.6 ± 0.2 ^aABC	45.72 ± 5.42 ^aA
	15	5.79 ± 0.19 ^aBCD	93.41 ± 32.36 ^aA	21.86 ± 1.62 ^abA	7.68 ± 2.74 ^bcBCD	38.19 ± 6.60 ^aA	−0.94 ± 2.13 ^aA	18.71 ± 8.15 ^abA	13.86 ± 8.46 ^abA	16.32 ± 7.90 ^abAB	2.0 ± 0.4 ^aC	53.02 ± 4.92 ^aA
	20	5.68 ± 0.33 ^bCD	101.42 ± 32.36 ^aA	26.70 ± 2.24 ^aA	10.42 ± 2.48 ^bB	36.21 ± 6.37 ^aA	2.98 ± 1.38 ^aA	12.99 ± 6.13 ^abA	13.85 ± 5.43 ^abA	18.86 ± 4.56 ^abAB	2.3 ± 0.3 ^aC	47.80 ± 12.90 ^aA
	25	5.56 ± 0.35 ^bD	104.09 ± 8.01 ^aA	22.97 ± 0.28 ^abA	17.34 ± 2.89 ^aA	32.58 ± 1.48 ^aA	3.64 ± 1.95 ^aA	5.38 ± 1.98 ^bA	7.08 ± 1.33 ^bA	22.39 ± 3.87 ^aA	2.5 ± 1.3 ^aABC	55.80 ± 2.73 ^aA
0.005% Alginate	0	6.75 ± 0.10 ^aA	50.71 ± 4.62 ^aA	20.69 ± 1.95 ^aA	0.00 ± 0.00 ^eH	43.79 ± 4.58 ^aA	−1.96 ± 2.63 ^aA	18.96 ± 5.31 ^aA	19.32 ± 5.55 ^aA	0.00 ± 0.00 ^bC	3.9 ± 0.7 ^abABC	36.57 ± 2.35 ^aA
	5	6.63 ± 0.32 ^abAB	64.06 ± 8.01 ^aA	22.62 ± 1.00 ^aA	2.63 ± 1.19 ^deEFGH	45.05 ± 3.58 ^aA	−1.61 ± 2.24 ^aA	20.48 ± 4.15 ^aA	21.06 ± 3.88 ^aA	8.79 ± 3.13 ^abBC	5.1 ± 0.1 ^aA	44.44 ± 5.52 ^aA
	10	6.20 ± 0.23 ^abcABCD	88.08 ± 16.01 ^aA	23.37 ± 1.80 ^aA	5.44 ± 1.22 ^cdCDEFG	40.39 ± 8.23 ^aA	−1.74 ± 6.44 ^aA	17.32 ± 9.28 ^aA	18.18 ± 9.76 ^aA	9.33 ± 3.08 ^abBC	3.8 ± 0.9 ^abcABC	36.12 ± 18.19 ^aA
	15	6.10 ± 0.26 ^bcABCD	58.72 ± 25.74 ^aA	24.58 ± 3.00 ^aA	9.31 ± 0.46 ^bcBC	37.63 ± 6.63 ^aA	1.01 ± 3.12 ^aA	12.39 ± 7.44 ^aA	13.17 ± 6.97 ^aA	15.71 ± 9.30 ^aAB	2.7 ± 1.4 ^bcABC	53.76 ± 2.08 ^aA
	20	6.00 ± 0.15 ^cABCD	77.40 ± 16.67 ^aA	23.20 ± 0.06 ^aA	9.97 ± 1.06 ^bBC	36.24 ± 4.46 ^aA	1.60 ± 2.10 ^aA	9.59 ± 4.54 ^aA	10.52 ± 4.33 ^aA	15.77 ± 3.96 ^aAB	2.5 ± 0.8 ^bcBC	58.52 ± 8.33 ^aA
	25	5.80 ± 0.19 ^cBCD	106.76 ± 40.30 ^aA	25.20 ± 0.96 ^aA	15.17 ± 2.90 ^aA	33.94 ± 3.60 ^aA	2.91 ± 0.62 ^aA	7.81 ± 5.63 ^aA	8.87 ± 5.34 ^aA	19.25 ± 5.67 ^aAB	1.7 ± 0.1 ^cC	49.15 ± 7.47 ^aA

Control and freshness paper fruits showed the presence of mold growth on the fruit skin after day 15, hence, they were not analyzed after day 15.

Means for the parameters in each treatment that do not share a superscript are significantly different at p ≤ 0.05.

Lowercase superscripts represent statistical differences within treatment groups for the respective treatments and uppercase superscripts represent statistical differences between all treatment groups at p ≤ 0.05.